Ch 18: A Macroscopic Description of Matter
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Problem 18
A 6.0-cm-diameter, 10-cm-long cylinder contains 100 mg of oxygen (O₂) at a pressure less than 1 atm. The cap on one end of the cylinder is held in place only by the pressure of the air. One day when the atmospheric pressure is 100 kPa, it takes a 184 N force to pull the cap off. What is the temperature of the gas?Problem 18
A cylinder contains nitrogen gas. A piston compresses the gas to half its initial volume. Afterward, a. Has the mass density of the gas changed? If so, by what factor? If not, why not?Problem 18
0.0050 mol of gas undergoes the process 1→2→3 shown in FIGURE EX18.37. What are (a) temperature T₁,
Problem 18
A gas at 100°C fills volume V₀. If the pressure is held constant, what is the volume if (b) the Kelvin temperature is doubled?Problem 18
At room temperature (20°C), a 5.0-cm-long brass rod is 20 μm too long to fit into a slot. To what temperature should you cool the rod so that it just barely fits?Problem 18
The 828-m-tall Burj Khalifa in Dubai is the world's tallest building. It's essentially a steel building wrapped in exterior paneling and glass. During construction, when the beams were exposed to the elements, the building was 36 cm taller on the hottest afternoon of the year than on the coldest morning. By how much did the temperature vary throughout the year?Problem 18
A gas at 100°C fills volume V₀. If the pressure is held constant, what is the volume if (a) the Celsius temperature is doubledProblem 18
A 20-cm-diameter cylinder that is 40 cm long contains 50 g of oxygen gas at 20°C. c. What is the number density of the oxygen?Problem 18
A 20-cm-diameter cylinder that is 40 cm long contains 50 g of oxygen gas at 20°C. d. What is the reading of a pressure gauge attached to the tank?Problem 18
A gas with initial state variables p₁, V₁, and T₁ is cooled in an isochoric process until p₂=1/3p₁. What are (a) V₂?Problem 18
A gas with initial state variables p₁, V₁, and T₁ expands isothermally until V₂=2V₁. What are (a) T₂Problem 18
A gas with initial state variables p₁, V₁ , and T₁ expands isothermally until V₂=2V₁. What are and (b) p₂?Problem 18
A 24-cm-diameter vertical cylinder is sealed at the top by a frictionless 20 kg piston. The piston is 84 cm above the bottom when the gas temperature is 303°C. The air above the piston is at 1.00 atm pressure. b. What will the height of the piston be if the temperature is lowered to 15°C?Problem 18
0.10 mol of argon gas is admitted to an evacuated 50 cm^3 container at 20°C. The gas then undergoes an isochoric heating to a temperature of 300°C. a. What is the final pressure of the gas?Problem 18
0.10 mol of argon gas is admitted to an evacuated 50 cm^3 container at 20°C. The gas then undergoes an isochoric heating to a temperature of 300°C. b. Show the process on a pV diagram. Include a proper scale on both axes.
Problem 18
0.0050 mol of gas undergoes the process 1→2→3 shown in FIGURE EX18.37. What are (b) pressure p₂,
Problem 18
0.0050 mol of gas undergoes the process 1→2→3 shown in FIGURE EX18.37. What are and (c) volume V₃?
Problem 18
A sealed container holds 3.2 g of oxygen at 1 atm pressure and 20°C. The gas first undergoes an isobaric process that doubles the absolute temperature, then an isothermal process that halves the pressure. What is the final volume of the gas in L?Problem 18
A diver 50 m deep in 10°C fresh water exhales a 1.0-cm-diameter bubble. What is the bubble's diameter just as it reaches the surface of the lake, where the water temperature is 20°C?Problem 18
A gas with an initial temperature of 900°C undergoes the process shown in FIGURE EX18.35. a. What type of process is this?
Problem 18
A gas with an initial temperature of 900°C undergoes the process shown in FIGURE EX18.35. c. How many moles of gas are there?
Problem 18
10 g of dry ice (solid CO₂) is placed in a 10,000 cm^3 container, then all the air is quickly pumped out and the container sealed. The container is warmed to 0°C, a temperature at which CO₂ is a gas. a. What is the gas pressure? Give your answer in atm. The gas then undergoes an isothermal compression until the pressure is 3.0 atm, immediately followed by an isobaric compression until the volume is 1000 cm^3.Problem 18
A container of gas at 2.0 atm pressure and 127°C is compressed at constant temperature until the volume is halved. It is then further compressed at constant pressure until the volume is halved again. b. Show this process on a pV diagram.Problem 18
Five grams of nitrogen gas at an initial pressure of 3.0 atm and at 20°C undergo an isobaric expansion until the volume has tripled. a. What is the gas volume after the expansion?Problem 18
Five grams of nitrogen gas at an initial pressure of 3.0 atm and at 20°C undergo an isobaric expansion until the volume has tripled. b. What is the gas temperature after the expansion (in °C)? The gas pressure is then decreased at constant volume until the original temperature is reached.Problem 18
In Problems 67, 68, 69, and 70 you are given the equation(s) used to solve a problem. For each of these, you are to a. Write a realistic problem for which this is the correct equation(s). p₂=300 cm^3/ 100 cm^3 ×1×2 atmProblem 18
In Problems 67, 68, 69, and 70 you are given the equation(s) used to solve a problem. For each of these, you are to a. Write a realistic problem for which this is the correct equation(s). (T₂+273) K=200 kPa / 500 kPa ×1×(400+273) KProblem 18
The semiconductor industry manufactures integrated circuits in large vacuum chambers where the pressure is 1.0×10^−10 mm of Hg. a. What fraction is this of atmospheric pressure?Problem 18
In Problems 67, 68, 69, and 70 you are given the equation(s) used to solve a problem. For each of these, you are to b. Draw a pV diagram. V₂=(400+273) K / (50+273) K×1×200 cm^3Problem 18
An inflated bicycle inner tube is 2.2 cm in diameter and 200 cm in circumference. A small leak causes the gauge pressure to decrease from 110 psi to 80 psi on a day when the temperature is 20°C. What mass of air is lost? Assume the air is pure nitrogen.
