Nucleoside and Nucleotide Formation - Video Tutorials & Practice Problems
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concept
Nucleoside and Nucleotide Formation Concept 1
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Now, when it comes to nucleoside formation, we're going to say that our sugar and base form a glyco cytic bomb between the atomic carbon, which is carbon number one of a sugar and the nitrogen of our nitrogenous space. If we take a look here, we're gonna say this sugar has an oh group on carbon number two. So this means that this represents a ribose sugar here. It's reacting with our nitrogenous space based on the memory tools that we learned from our previous topic, we know that this nitrogenous space would represent your cell. Now here, what's going to happen is we're gonna have the atomic carbon. This carbon here with its oh interacting with the hydrogen of this nitrogenous base. So we're gonna see that this represents a condensation reaction type reaction. We're gonna lose water. So just think of it like this, we have this oh we have this H we're gonna lose water that's gone away. But we need to basically replenish the bonds that we lost carbon, lost the bond to an oh nitrogen, lost the bond to an H. So they're going to bond to each other. Doing that helps us to create art glyco cytic bond. And what do we have at the end? Well, we have a pentose sugar or penthos ring here and we have our nitrogenous space. Remember those two components help to make a nuclear sign. And then here goes the water that we lost. We come down here. What's the difference now? Well, here we no longer have an oh, on carbon number two, we've lost it. We still have an H there. That's invisible. Remember, carbon still wants to make four bonds because we lost an oxygen. This represents a two Dior ribose sugar. And then here we're looking at this purine and we know that this purine based on the memory tools that we've learned earlier. This, this sugar here. Well, this nitrogen is based here represents adenine or a nine. Again, think of it as a condensation reaction where we lose h Noh in the form of water and carbon and nitrogen now bond to each other. So we make our gly acidic bond right here. Again, we have our penthos ring with the nitrogen in space. So again, we've made a nucleo side. So just remember this basically is what we deal with when it comes to.
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concept
Nucleoside and Nucleotide Formation Concept 2
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Now remember the three components that make a nucleotide r A phosphate group. We have our pentose ring and our nitrogenous space. Now, here we're going to say that a nucleotide formation is when we have a phosphate group binding to carbon number five. So five prime of a nucleo sign. So here we have our nucleo side which is our phos ring with our nitrogen, the space and here we have our phosphate group. Here we're going to bring in our phosphate group and we're gonna connect the oxygen of phosphate to this carbon. Five prime carbon needs to make four bonds. It's making one to this oxygen, one to carbon 41 to this hydrogen. So it needs one more. H So now this is actually ach two group here. What do we have? We have our phosphate group, we have our penthos ring, we have our nitrogenous space. So at the end, we have our nucleotide that's been formed. So remember we've learned about the components of nucleotides and nucleotides earlier. But now we're just trying to see how they form these different types of chemical bonds in order to create their structures, right? So keep that in mind when we're talking about nucleo side formation or in this case, nucleotide formation.
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example
Nucleoside and Nucleotide Formation Example 1
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Here in this question, it says draw a nucleotide form from the following sugar and bases, right? So pay attention. It's not saying nucleo side, it's saying nucleotide, that means that we need to bring in a third component at the end, which is our phosphate group. Now, first, let's make our nucleo side which is just our sugar and base connecting to do that. We have our carbon prime, carbon one prime here interacting with the NH group of our nitrogenous base. Remember what's gonna happen here is we're gonna lose water because it's a condensation. These will be lost. So what we'll get here is here is our ring still, there's the oh that's attached to it. Now, we're gonna have our glyco cytic bond being formed. Vehicles are nitrogen. It's still part of this ring and we have this metal here. And then this is just our nucleo side. Right now, we need to draw a nucleotide. So we need to bring in our phosphate group. So remember here, we'd still have ach two group. Now we're doing is we're bringing in the phosphate group. So I'm gonna draw the phosphate group. Here goes the oxygen of the phosphate group and that's connected to our phosphorus, which is single bonded to these oxygens here and then double bonded to this oxygen here. This would represent the structure of our nucleotide which again, remember is our phosphate group connected to a penthos ring connected to a nitrogen to space.
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Problem
Problem
Draw a nucleoside formed when ribose and cytosine form a glycosidic bond.
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B
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D
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Problem
Problem
Draw a nucleotide formed when deoxyribose and guanine form a glycosidic bond.
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