21. Nuclear Chemistry

Mass Defect

21. Nuclear Chemistry

Mass Defect

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Calculating Predicted Mass

Energy to Mass Conversion

Energy to Mass Conversion Example

Calculating Mass Defect

Calculating Mass Defect Example

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Multiple Choice

Calculate the mass defect (in mg) for the following isotope. (1 neutron = 1.00866 amu, 1 proton = 1.00727 amu, & 1 electron = 0.00055 amu).

¹⁴C

Calculate the quantity of energy produced per gram of reactant for the fusion of two H-2 (atomic mass = 2.014102 amu) atoms to form He-3 (atomic mass = 3.016029 amu) and one neutron.

Open Question

Calculate the quantity of energy produced per gram of reactant for the fusion of H-3 (atomic mass = 3.016049 amu) with H-1 (atomic mass = 1.007825 amu) to form He-4 (atomic mass = 4.002603 amu).

Open Question

If a 55-gram laboratory mouse is exposed to a dose of 20.5 rad of radiation, how much energy is absorbed by the mouse’s body?

Open Question

Complete each nuclear equation and calculate the energy change (in J/mol of reactant) associated with each (Al-27 = 26.981538 amu, Am-241 = 241.056822 amu, He-4 = 4.002603 amu, Np-237 = 237.048166 amu, P-30 = 29.981801 amu, S-32 = 31.972071 amu, and Si-29 = 28.976495 amu).

b. ³²₁₆S + ______ → ²⁹₁₄Si + ⁴₂He

c. ²⁴¹₉₅Am → ²³⁷₉₃Np + _____

Open Question

When a positron and an electron annihilate one another, the resulting mass is completely converted to energy. Calculate the energy associated with this process in kJ/mol.

Open Question

The overall hydrogen burning reaction in stars can be represented as the conversion of four protons to one alpha particle. Use the data for the mass of H-1 and He-4 to calculate the energy released by this process.

Open Question

When a positron and an electron collide and annihilate each other, two photons of equal energy are produced. What is the wavelength of these photons?

Open Question

Given that the energy released in the fusion of two deuterons to a ³He and a neutron is 3.3 MeV, and in the fusion to tritium and a proton it is 4.0 MeV, calculate the energy change for the process ³He + ¹n → ³H + ¹p. Suggest an explanation for why this process occurs at much lower temperatures than either of the first two.

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