What are organisms called that use inorganic compounds as electron donors in cellular respiration? a. phototrophs b. heterotrophs c. organotrophs d. lithotrophs

Verified step by step guidance

1. Identify the key term: The question asks about organisms that use inorganic compounds as electron donors in cellular respiration.
2. Understand the options: Review each term to understand what type of energy source each organism uses. Phototrophs use light, heterotrophs consume organic compounds, organotrophs use organic molecules, and lithotrophs use inorganic molecules.
3. Connect the concept: Recall that in cellular respiration, electron donors are used to drive the electron transport chain, which is crucial for ATP production.
4. Match the term with the definition: Since lithotrophs use inorganic compounds as electron donors, they fit the description given in the question.
5. Select the correct answer: The organisms that use inorganic compounds as electron donors in cellular respiration are called lithotrophs, so the correct answer is d. lithotrophs.

Key Concepts

Cellular Respiration

Cellular respiration is a metabolic process in which cells convert nutrients into energy, typically in the form of ATP. This process can occur through various pathways, including aerobic and anaerobic respiration, depending on the availability of oxygen and the type of electron donors used.

Electron Donors

Electron donors are substances that provide electrons during biochemical reactions, particularly in cellular respiration. They play a crucial role in the electron transport chain, where the transfer of electrons leads to the production of ATP. Different organisms utilize various types of electron donors, including organic compounds and inorganic substances.

Lithotrophs

Lithotrophs are organisms that obtain energy by oxidizing inorganic compounds, such as hydrogen sulfide or ammonia, using them as electron donors in cellular respiration. This group includes certain bacteria and archaea that thrive in extreme environments and play essential roles in biogeochemical cycles.