What has metagenomic analysis allowed researchers to do for the first time? a. sample organisms from an environment and grow them under defined conditions in the lab b. isolate organisms from an environment and sequence their entire genome c. study organisms that cannot be cultured (grown in the lab) d. identify important morphological differences among species

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand the term 'metagenomic analysis': Metagenomic analysis is a technique that involves the direct genetic analysis of genomes contained within an environmental sample.
2. Recognize the significance of metagenomics: This method allows researchers to study the genetic material of entire communities of organisms, rather than individual species.
3. Identify the unique capability of metagenomics: Unlike traditional methods, metagenomics does not require culturing organisms in the lab, which is often difficult or impossible for many microbes.
4. Relate the options to metagenomic capabilities: Option c, 'study organisms that cannot be cultured (grown in the lab),' directly reflects the unique advantage of metagenomic analysis.
5. Conclude the correct answer: The correct answer is c, as metagenomic analysis specifically allows researchers to study organisms that cannot be cultured in the lab, which was not possible with previous techniques.

Key Concepts

Metagenomics

Metagenomics is the study of genetic material recovered directly from environmental samples. This approach allows researchers to analyze the collective genomes of microorganisms in a specific habitat, providing insights into the diversity and functions of microbial communities without the need for culturing individual species.

Culture-Independent Methods

Culture-independent methods refer to techniques that allow scientists to study organisms without the necessity of growing them in laboratory conditions. This is particularly important for microorganisms that are difficult or impossible to culture, enabling researchers to explore the full range of biodiversity present in various environments.

Genomic Sequencing

Genomic sequencing is the process of determining the complete DNA sequence of an organism's genome. In the context of metagenomics, it allows for the identification and characterization of all the genetic material present in a sample, facilitating the study of complex microbial communities and their interactions within ecosystems.