Mark the following statements as true or false. If a statement is false, correct it to make a true statement.

a. The mass number of an atom is the sum of its neutrons and protons.

In certain types of radioactive decay, the isotope releases a particle called an alpha particle, which contains two protons and two neutrons. When this happens, is the product still the same element? Why or why not?

The polysaccharide cellulose is not digestible by humans, as we lack the enzyme cellulase, which is required to break it down. Certain dietary supplements contain the enzyme cellulase and claim that being able to break down cellulose will help a person lose weight. But what do you think would happen if we could digest the cellulose we ate?

An enzyme is a:

a. biological catalyst that increases the concentration of the products.

b. biological catalyst that increases the concentration of the reactants.

c. chemical that is used in a reaction, after which it can no longer be used by the cell.

d. biological catalyst that works by bringing its substrates closer to their transition states.

Mark the following statements as true or false. If a statement is false, correct it to make a true statement.

b. Protons and neutrons have a positive charge and electrons have a negative charge.

Mark the following statements as true or false. If a statement is false, correct it to make a true statement.

c. Valence electrons are the electrons in the outermost shell of an atom.

Mark the following statements as true or false. If a statement is false, correct it to make a true statement.

d. Every element has a characteristic number of protons, which is called the element's mass number.

Which of the following is not a property of water?

a. Water has a high heat capacity.

b. Water doesn't take heat with it when it evaporates.

c. Water is a polar solvent in which many solutes will dissolve.

d. Water serves as a cushion and lubricant in the body.

Which of the following is not a property of water?

a. Water has a high heat capacity.

b. Water doesn't take heat with it when it evaporates.

c. Water is a polar solvent in which many solutes will dissolve.

d. Water serves as a cushion and lubricant in the body.

With respect to their solubility in water, substances with nonpolar covalent bonds are______, while substances with polar covalent and ionic bonds are_______.

Mark the following statements as true or false. If a statement is false, correct it to make a true statement.

a .Acids dissociate in water to give hydrogen ions and an anion.

Mark the following statements as true or false. If a statement is false, correct it to make a true statement.

b. As a solution's pH rises, it becomes more acidic.

Mark the following statements as true or false. If a statement is false, correct it to make a true statement.

c .A buffer is a system of chemicals that resists a change in pH

Mark the following statements as true or false. If a statement is false, correct it to make a true statement.

d. A solution with a pH of 10 has more hydrogen ions than a solution with a pH of 2.

A salt is:

a. a metal cation bonded to a nonmetal anion.

b. a hydrogen ion donor.

c. an electrolyte that conducts electricity in water.

d. Both a and c are correct.

e. Both b and c are correct.

Compare and contrast the structures of phospholipids and triglycerides.

Mark the following statements as true or false. If a statement is false, correct it to make a true statement.

a. Carbohydrates are the main source of fuel for the human body.

Mark the following statements as true or false. If a statement is false, correct it to make a true statement.

b. The main storage form of glucose in the human body is starch.

Mark the following statements as true or false. If a statement is false, correct it to make a true statement.

c. Lipids contain oxygen and are therefore polar covalent compounds.

Mark the following statements as true or false. If a statement is false, correct it to make a true statement.

d. Proteins are composed of strings of fatty acids linked by glycosidic bonds.

Why is it important for a protein to maintain its structure? What is it called when a protein loses its structure?

Which of the following is not part of a nucleotide?

a. An amino acid

b. A nitrogenous base

c. One or more phosphate groups

d. A sugar

Mark the following properties as belonging to either DNA or RNA.

a. Contains the nucleotides A, G, C, and U ____          

b. Found only in the nucleus of the cell   ____       

c. Can move in and out of the cell's nucleus ____         

d. Contains two strands of nucleotides linked by hydrogen bonds____          

e. Contains the code for every protein in the body____          

f. Contains the sugar ribose____          

Fill in the blanks: Isotopes are atoms with the same ______number but different______numbers.

Some claim that the pH of your blood can be affected by eating acidic foods such as citrus. Do you believe this to be true? Explain your answer. (Hint: What happens when extra hydrogen ions are added to the blood?)

Considering that water is a main component of the juices in the stomach and intestines, explain why digestion of lipids is more complicated than digestion of carbohydrates and proteins.

Which of the following statements is/are true regarding ATP?

a. It is the body's primary source of chemical energy.

b. Its production is the main reason humans breathe oxygen.

c. It is produced using the energy from the oxidation of molecular fuels like glucose.

d. All of the above statements are true.

Which of the following statements correctly describes a solution?

a. In a solution the solute is chemically dissolved by the solvent.

b. Solutions involve large particles suspended in another component.

c. The particles in a solution will settle out if left to sit.

d. The amount of solute in a solution is expressed as the solution's concentration.

Explain why monosaccharides are polar and fatty acids are nonpolar even though they both contain the same atoms.

Many drugs and poisons exert their effects by blocking one or more enzymes. How could blocking an enzyme lead to the death of a cell?