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Problem 23.62
If the sequence T-A-C-C-C-T appears on the informational strand of DNA, what sequence appears opposite it on the template strand? Label your answer with 3′ and 5′ ends.
Problem 25.58
Look at Table 26.3 and find codons for the following amino acids:
a. Val
Problem 26.1
Name the nucleoside shown here. Copy the structure, and number the C and N atoms (refer to Table 26.1). <IMAGE>
Problem 26.1
Is a DNA molecule neutral, negatively charged, or positively charged? Explain.
Problem 26.12
What are Okazaki fragments? What role do they serve in DNA metabolism?
Problem 26.13
What is the difference between DNA polymerase and DNA ligase?
Problem 26.14
What is the function of the spliceosome in hnRNA?
Problem 26.15
What mRNA base sequences are complementary to the following DNA template sequences? Be sure to label the 5′ and 3′ ends of the complementary sequences.
a. 5′ CAT GCT CTA CAG 3′
Problem 26.16
List possible codon sequences for the following amino acids.
a. Val
Problem 26.17
Identify the amino acid for which the codon GAG codes, and what other codon could encode for this same amino acid?
Problem 26.18
What amino acids do the following sequences code for?
a. AUC
Problem 26.2
What amino acid sequence is coded for by the mRNA base sequence CUC-AUU-CCA-UGC-GAC-GUA?
Problem 26.23
Copy the diagram and use dotted lines to indicate where hydrogen bonding occurs between the complementary strands of DNA. What is the sequence of each strand of DNA drawn (remember that the sequence is written from the 5′ to 3′ end)? <IMAGE>
Problem 26.24
Copy the following simplified drawing of a DNA replication fork:
<IMAGE>
a. On the drawing, indicate the direction of synthesis of the new strand labeled A and the location of DNA polymerase on the strand.
Problem 26.27
Gln-His-Pro-Gly is the sequence of a molecule known as progenitor thyrotropin-releasing hormone (pro-TRH). If we were searching for pro-TRH genes, we would need to know what sequence of bases in DNA we should be looking for. Use the following boxes to indicate answers to parts (a)–(d).
<IMAGE>
a. What RNA sequence could code for these four amino acids?
Problem 26.28
What is the difference between a gene and a chromosome?
Problem 26.29
What are the two major components of chromatin?
Problem 26.3
What genetic information does a single gene contain?
Problem 26.31
How many chromosomes are present in a human cell?
Problem 26.32
For the following molecule:
<IMAGE>
a. Label the three nucleic acid building blocks it contains.
Problem 26.33
What are the sugars in DNA and RNA, and how do they differ?
Problem 26.34
a. What are the four major heterocyclic bases in DNA?
Problem 26.35
What are the two structural types of bases in DNA and RNA? Which bases correspond to each type?
Problem 26.38
What is the difference between the 3′ end and the 5′ end of a polynucleotide?
Problem 26.39
Are polynucleotides synthesized 3′ to 5′ or 5′ to 3′?
Problem 26.4
Draw the complete structure of uridine 5′- phosphate, one of the four major ribonucleotides.
Problem 26.41
Draw the complete structure of the RNA dinucleotide U-C. Identify the 5′ and 3′ ends of the dinucleotide.
Problem 26.47
How are replication, transcription, and translation similar? How are they different?
Problem 26.5
Write the full names of:
a. dUMP
Problem 26.51
Rank the following in order of size: tRNA, DNA, mRNA.