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Ch. 20 - Recombinant DNA Technology

Chapter 19, Problem 3

Why are most recombinant human proteins produced in animal or plant hosts instead of bacterial host cells?

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Hello everyone and welcome to today's video. So that these advantages in using bacterial hosts to synthesize eukaryotic proteins is that we'll remember that bacteria is a type of bacteria and bacteria are very different from them. So keep that in mind as we solve the problem, we have a first, they often form inclusion bodies. Well, this is true for bacteria. However, how is this going to affect the eukaryotic protein is going to affect the sustainability of the protein with decreased cell viability. The protein won't be able to exist in environments that it would usually be able to. So this is definitely going to be a disadvantage that it brings for the eukaryotic protein. So we're going to not cancel it out. Then we have they cannot perform post translational modifications on eukaryotic proteins. Well, remember that karate proteins are in fact subject to post translational modifications are used to form, for example, like our proteins. However, these bacteria won't be able to add this post translational modifications. So this is definitely also going to be a disadvantage and we're not going to cancel it out and then see they cannot produce active proteins with proper three dimensional confirmation. So this is actually going to be a correct statement as well and we're not going to cancel it out. And since we were not able to cancel out any of the statements in the question, we're going to select answer choice c as the final answer to our question. I really hope this helped you and I hope to see you on the next one.
Related Practice
Textbook Question
In this chapter, we focused on a number of interesting applications of genetic engineering, genomics, and biotechnology. At the same time, we found many opportunities to consider the methods and reasoning by which much of this information was acquired. From the explanations given in the chapter, what answers would you propose to the following fundamental questions? From GWAS how do we know which genes are associated with a particular genetic disorder?
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Textbook Question

Write a short essay that summarizes the impacts that genomic applications are having on society and discuss which of the ethical issues presented by these applications is the most daunting to society.

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Textbook Question

Write a short essay or sketch a diagram that provides an overview of how recombinant DNA techniques help geneticists study genes.

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Textbook Question

What roles do restriction enzymes, vectors, and host cells play in recombinant DNA studies? What role does DNA ligase perform in a DNA cloning experiment? How does the action of DNA ligase differ from the function of restriction enzymes?

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Textbook Question

The human insulin gene contains a number of sequences that are removed in the processing of the mRNA transcript. In spite of the fact that bacterial cells cannot excise these sequences from mRNA transcripts, explain how a gene like this can be cloned into a bacterial cell and produce insulin.

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Textbook Question
One of the major causes of sickness, death, and economic loss in the cattle industry is Mannheimia haemolytica, which causes bovine pasteurellosis, or shipping fever. Noninvasive delivery of a vaccine using transgenic plants expressing immunogens would reduce labor costs and trauma to livestock. An early step toward developing an edible vaccine is to determine whether an injected version of an antigen (usually a derivative of the pathogen) is capable of stimulating the development of antibodies in a test organism. The following table assesses the ability of a transgenic portion of a toxin (Lkt) of M. haemolytica to stimulate development of specific antibodies in rabbits. Immunogen Injected Antibody Production in Serum Lkt50*—saline extract + Lkt50*—column extract + Mock injection - *Lkt50 is a smaller derivative of Lkt that lacks all hydrophobic regions. indicates at least 50 percent neutralization of toxicity of Lkt; indicates no neutralization activity. Source: Modified from Lee et al. (2001). Infect. and Immunity 69:5786–5793. What general conclusion can you draw from the data?
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