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Ch. 20 - Recombinant DNA Technology
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All textbooksKlug 12th EditionCh. 20 - Recombinant DNA TechnologyProblem 4

Chapter 19, Problem 4

One of the major causes of sickness, death, and economic loss in the cattle industry is Mannheimia haemolytica, which causes bovine pasteurellosis, or shipping fever. Noninvasive delivery of a vaccine using transgenic plants expressing immunogens would reduce labor costs and trauma to livestock. An early step toward developing an edible vaccine is to determine whether an injected version of an antigen (usually a derivative of the pathogen) is capable of stimulating the development of antibodies in a test organism. The following table assesses the ability of a transgenic portion of a toxin (Lkt) of M. haemolytica to stimulate development of specific antibodies in rabbits. Immunogen Injected Antibody Production in Serum Lkt50*—saline extract + Lkt50*—column extract + Mock injection - *Lkt50 is a smaller derivative of Lkt that lacks all hydrophobic regions. indicates at least 50 percent neutralization of toxicity of Lkt; indicates no neutralization activity. Source: Modified from Lee et al. (2001). Infect. and Immunity 69:5786–5793. What general conclusion can you draw from the data?

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Hey, everyone. Let's take a look at this question together. What types of vaccines are being produced by genetic engineering? Well, what do we mean by genetic engineering? We mean that we're talking about vaccines that are produced using lab technology to alter D N A. And so what type of vaccine listed here involves the use of lab technology to alter D N A. When we know that inactivated vaccines use killed samples of the infectious virus or bacteria and attenuated vaccines used live samples that can't reproduce. And so both answer choice A and B do not use lab technology to alter D N A. The answer choices A and B are incorrect because they are not produced by genetic engineering. Whereas answer choice C subunit vaccines are produced by using the lab technology to alter the D N A since they consist of one or more surface proteins to stimulate the immune system to make antibodies. And so answer choice C subunit vaccines are the only type of vaccines that are produced by genetic engineering. And so answer choice C is the correct answer. I hope you found this video to be helpful. Thank you and goodbye.
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Why are most recombinant human proteins produced in animal or plant hosts instead of bacterial host cells?

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What roles do restriction enzymes, vectors, and host cells play in recombinant DNA studies? What role does DNA ligase perform in a DNA cloning experiment? How does the action of DNA ligase differ from the function of restriction enzymes?

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The human insulin gene contains a number of sequences that are removed in the processing of the mRNA transcript. In spite of the fact that bacterial cells cannot excise these sequences from mRNA transcripts, explain how a gene like this can be cloned into a bacterial cell and produce insulin.

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Textbook Question
One of the major causes of sickness, death, and economic loss in the cattle industry is Mannheimia haemolytica, which causes bovine pasteurellosis, or shipping fever. Noninvasive delivery of a vaccine using transgenic plants expressing immunogens would reduce labor costs and trauma to livestock. An early step toward developing an edible vaccine is to determine whether an injected version of an antigen (usually a derivative of the pathogen) is capable of stimulating the development of antibodies in a test organism. The following table assesses the ability of a transgenic portion of a toxin (Lkt) of M. haemolytica to stimulate development of specific antibodies in rabbits. Immunogen Injected Antibody Production in Serum Lkt50*—saline extract + Lkt50*—column extract + Mock injection - *Lkt50 is a smaller derivative of Lkt that lacks all hydrophobic regions. indicates at least 50 percent neutralization of toxicity of Lkt; indicates no neutralization activity. Source: Modified from Lee et al. (2001). Infect. and Immunity 69:5786–5793. With regards to development of a usable edible vaccine, what work remains to be done?
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Textbook Question

Although many cloning applications involve introducing recombinant DNA into bacterial host cells, many other cell types are also used as hosts for recombinant DNA. Why?

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Textbook Question

Using DNA sequencing on a cloned DNA segment, you recover the nucleotide sequence shown below. Does this segment contain a palindromic recognition sequence for a restriction enzyme? If so, what is the double-stranded sequence of the palindrome, and what enzyme would cut at this sequence? (Consult Figure 20.1 for a list of restriction sites.)

CAGTATGGATCCCAT

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