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Ch.21 - Organic Chemistry
Chapter 21, Problem 89e

Identify each organic compound as an alkane, alkene, alkyne, aromatic hydrocarbon, alcohol, ether, aldehyde, ketone, carboxylic acid, ester, or amine, and provide a name for the compound. e.
Chemical structure of toluene, a benzene derivative with a methyl group.

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1
Step 1: Identify the structure of the compound. The image shows a benzene ring with two methyl groups attached to it.
Step 2: Determine the type of organic compound. The presence of a benzene ring indicates that it is an aromatic hydrocarbon.
Step 3: Identify the positions of the substituents on the benzene ring. The two methyl groups are attached to adjacent carbon atoms on the benzene ring.
Step 4: Name the compound based on the IUPAC nomenclature. The compound is a derivative of benzene with two methyl groups, which is known as xylene.
Step 5: Specify the position of the methyl groups. Since the methyl groups are on adjacent carbons, the compound is called ortho-xylene or o-xylene.

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