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Problem 44
Which solid in each pair has the higher melting point and why?
a. Fe(s) or CCl4(s)
b. KCl(s) or HCl(s)
c. Ti(s) or Ne(s)
d. H2O(s) or H2S(s)
Problem 41
Which solid has the highest melting point? Why? Ar(s), CCl4(s), LiCl(s), CH3OH(s)
Problem 0.37
Plonium crystallizes with a simple cubic structure. It has a density of 9.3 g/cm3, a radius of 167 pm, and a molar mass of 209 g/mol. Use these data to calculate Avogadro's number (the number of atoms in one mole).
- Identify each solid as molecular, ionic, or atomic. c. Ni(s)
Problem 4
Problem 27
An X-ray beam with λ = 154 pm incident on the surface of a crystal produced a maximum reflection at an angle of θ = 28.3°. Assuming n = 1, calculate the separation between layers of atoms in the crystal.
- An X-ray beam of unknown wavelength is diffracted from a NaCl surface. If the interplanar distance in the crystal is 286 pm, and the angle of maximum reflection is found to be 7.23°, what is the wavelength of the X-ray beam? (Assume n = 1.)
Problem 28
Problem 29a
Determine the number of atoms per unit cell for each metal.
(a) Polonium
Problem 29b
Determine the number of atoms per unit cell for each metal.
(b) Tungsten
Problem 29c
Determine the number of atoms per unit cell for each metal.
(c) Nickel
- What is the packing efficiency of a body-centered cubic unit cell?
Problem 31
- What is the packing efficiency of a face-centered cubic unit cell? Please show your work.
Problem 32
Problem 33
Platinum crystallizes with the face-centered cubic unit cell. The radius of a platinum atom is 139 pm. Calculate the edge length of the unit cell and the density of platinum in g/cm3.
Problem 34
Molybdenum crystallizes with the body-centered unit cell. The radius of a molybdenum atom is 136 pm. Calculate the edge length of the unit cell and the density of molybdenum
Problem 35
Rhodium has a density of 12.41 g/cm3 and crystallizes with the face-centered cubic unit cell. Calculate the radius of a rhodium atom.
Problem 36
Barium has a density of 3.59 g/cm3 and crystallizes with the body-centered cubic unit cell. Calculate the radius of a barium atom.
- Palladium crystallizes with a face-centered cubic structure. It has a density of 12.0 g/cm³, a radius of 138 pm, and a molar mass of 106.42 g/mol. Use these data to calculate Avogadro's number.
Problem 38
Problem 39
Identify each solid as molecular, ionic, or atomic. a. Ar(s) b. H2O(s) c. K2O(s) d. Fe(s)
Problem 40a
Identify each solid as molecular, ionic, or atomic. a. CaCl2(s)
Problem 40b
Identify each solid as molecular, ionic, or atomic. b. CO2(s)
Problem 40d
Identify each solid as molecular, ionic, or atomic. d. I2(s)
Problem 42
Which solid has the highest melting point? Why? C(s, diamond), Kr(s), NaCl(s), H2O(s)
Problem 43
Which solid in each pair has the higher melting point and why?
a. TiO2(s) or HOOH(s)
b. CCl4(s) or SiCl4(s)
c. Kr(s) or Xe(s)
Problem 43d
Which solid in each pair has the higher melting point and why? d. NaCl(s) or CaO(s)
Problem 46
An oxide of rhenium crystallizes with the unit cell shown here (rhenium=gray; oxygen=red). What is the formula of the oxide?
- Is the structure of each of the two unit cells shown in Problem 47 identifiable as the rock salt structure, zinc blende structure, fluorite structure, antifluorite structure, or is it none of these?
Problem 49
Problem 50
Identify the structure of each of the two unit cells shown in Problem 48 as the rock salt structure, zinc blende structure, fluorite structure, antifluorite structure, or none of these.
- Consider the rock salt structure in Figure 12.15. What type of structure would result if all the anions were somehow removed, leaving only cations?
Problem 51
- Consider the zinc blende structure in Figure 12.16. What type of structure would result if the remaining tetrahedral sites in the unit cell were also filled with cations?
Problem 52
Problem 53a
Classify each of the following as a component of a silicate ceramic, an oxide ceramic, or a nonoxide ceramic. a. B4C
Problem 53b
Classify each of the following as a component of a silicate ceramic, an oxide ceramic, or a nonoxide ceramic. b. Mg2SiO4
