The neurotransmitter released by somatic motor neurons is a. acetylcholine, b. acetylcholinesterase, c. norepinephrine.

Verified step by step guidance

1. Identify the role of somatic motor neurons in the nervous system, which is to control voluntary muscle movements.
2. Understand that neurotransmitters are chemical messengers that transmit signals across a synapse from one neuron to another 'target' neuron, muscle cell, or gland cell.
3. Recall that the primary neurotransmitter involved in the activation of skeletal muscles by somatic motor neurons is acetylcholine.
4. Differentiate between acetylcholine and acetylcholinesterase, where acetylcholine is the neurotransmitter and acetylcholinesterase is the enzyme that breaks down acetylcholine in the synaptic cleft.
5. Recognize that norepinephrine is typically associated with the sympathetic nervous system and not with somatic motor neurons.

Key Concepts

Neurotransmitters

Neurotransmitters are chemical messengers that transmit signals across synapses from one neuron to another. They play a crucial role in communication within the nervous system, influencing various physiological functions and behaviors. Different neurotransmitters have specific roles, such as excitatory or inhibitory effects on target cells.

Somatic Motor Neurons

Somatic motor neurons are responsible for transmitting signals from the central nervous system to skeletal muscles, facilitating voluntary movement. These neurons release neurotransmitters at the neuromuscular junction, where they interact with muscle fibers to initiate contraction. Understanding their function is essential for grasping how motor control is achieved.

Acetylcholine

Acetylcholine is a key neurotransmitter in the peripheral nervous system, particularly at the neuromuscular junction. It is released by somatic motor neurons and binds to receptors on muscle cells, leading to muscle contraction. Its role is critical in both voluntary and involuntary muscle movements, making it a fundamental concept in neuromuscular physiology.