Tortora 14th EditionCh. 14+15 - Principles of Disease and Epidemiology | Microbial Mechanisms of PathogenicityProblem 14.2a
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04:57
03:57The emergence of new infectious diseases is probably due to all of the following except
a. the need of bacteria to cause disease.
b. the ability of humans to travel by air.
c. changing environments (e.g., flood, drought, pollution).
d. a pathogen crossing the species barrier.
e. the increasing human population.
Use the following information to answer questions 8–10.
A Maryland woman was hospitalized with dehydration. V. cholerae and Plesiomonas shigelloides were isolated from the patient, who had neither traveled outside the United States nor eaten raw shellfish during the preceding month. The patient had attended a party before hospitalization. Two other people at the party had acute diarrheal illness and elevated levels of serum antibodies against Vibrio. Everyone at the party ate crabs and rice pudding with coconut milk. Crabs left over from this party were served at a second party. One of the people at the second party had onset of mild diarrhea; specimens from of these people were negative for vibriocidal antibodies.
The source of the disease was
a. Plesiomonas shigelloides.
b. crabs.
c. V. cholerae.
d. coconut milk.
e. rice.
Define symbiosis. Differentiate commensalism, mutualism, and parasitism, and give an example of each.
Indicate whether each of the following conditions is typical of subacute, chronic, or acute infections.
a. The patient experiences a rapid onset of malaise; symptoms last 5 days.
b. The patient experiences cough and breathing difficulty for months.
c. The patient has no apparent symptoms and is a known carrier.
Which of the following statements is false?
a. E. coli never causes disease.
b. E. coli provides vitamin K for its host.
c. E. coli often exists in a mutualistic relationship with humans.
d. A disease-causing strain of E. coli causes bloody diarrhea.
Among hospital patients who have infections, one-third did not enter the hospital with the infection but rather acquired it in the hospital. How do they acquire these infections? What is the method of transmission of these infections? What is the reservoir of infection?
