Fill in the missing organic products or reactants for the following hydrogenation reactions:




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Verified step by step guidance

1. Identify the type of reaction: Hydrogenation reactions typically involve the addition of hydrogen (H2) to unsaturated organic compounds, such as alkenes or alkynes, in the presence of a catalyst.
2. Determine the structure of the reactant: Since the image is missing, assume a common unsaturated compound like an alkene (e.g., ethene, C2H4) or an alkyne (e.g., ethyne, C2H2).
3. Consider the catalyst: Hydrogenation reactions often use catalysts such as palladium (Pd), platinum (Pt), or nickel (Ni) to facilitate the addition of hydrogen.
4. Predict the product: For an alkene, the addition of hydrogen will convert it into an alkane (e.g., ethene to ethane, C2H6). For an alkyne, the addition of hydrogen will first convert it to an alkene and then to an alkane if excess hydrogen is present.
5. Write the balanced chemical equation: For example, if ethene (C2H4) is the reactant, the equation would be C2H4 + H2 → C2H6, showing the conversion to ethane.

Key Concepts

Hydrogenation

Hydrogenation is a chemical reaction that involves the addition of hydrogen (H2) to an unsaturated organic compound, typically alkenes or alkynes, converting them into saturated hydrocarbons. This process is commonly used in the food industry to convert liquid vegetable oils into solid fats, as well as in the petrochemical industry to refine crude oil.

Reactants and Products

In a chemical reaction, reactants are the starting materials that undergo transformation, while products are the substances formed as a result of the reaction. Understanding the specific reactants involved in hydrogenation, such as alkenes, and the expected products, typically alkanes, is crucial for accurately completing reaction equations.

Catalysts in Hydrogenation

Catalysts are substances that increase the rate of a chemical reaction without being consumed in the process. In hydrogenation reactions, metal catalysts like palladium, platinum, or nickel are often used to facilitate the addition of hydrogen to the unsaturated bonds, making the reaction more efficient and selective.