Fill in the missing organic products for the complete hydrogenation of the following:


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Verified step by step guidance

1. Identify the type of organic compound given in the image. It is likely an unsaturated hydrocarbon, such as an alkene or alkyne, which can undergo hydrogenation.
2. Understand that complete hydrogenation involves the addition of hydrogen (H2) across the double or triple bonds in the compound, converting them into single bonds.
3. Determine the number of double or triple bonds present in the compound. Each bond will require one molecule of H2 for complete hydrogenation.
4. Write the balanced chemical equation for the hydrogenation process. For example, if the compound is an alkene with one double bond, the equation would be: CnH2n + H2 -> CnH2n+2.
5. Predict the structure of the fully hydrogenated product. For alkenes, the product will be an alkane, and for alkynes, the product will also be an alkane after complete hydrogenation.

Key Concepts

Hydrogenation

Hydrogenation is a chemical reaction that involves the addition of hydrogen (H2) to an unsaturated organic compound, typically alkenes or alkynes, converting them into saturated hydrocarbons. This process is commonly used in the food industry to convert liquid vegetable oils into solid or semi-solid fats, such as margarine. Understanding the mechanism of hydrogenation is crucial for predicting the products formed in the reaction.

Saturation and Unsaturation

In organic chemistry, saturation refers to the presence of single bonds between carbon atoms in a molecule, while unsaturation indicates the presence of double or triple bonds. Unsaturated compounds, such as alkenes and alkynes, are more reactive than saturated compounds due to the presence of these multiple bonds. Recognizing the degree of saturation in a molecule is essential for determining the outcome of hydrogenation reactions.

Reaction Mechanism

A reaction mechanism describes the step-by-step sequence of elementary reactions by which overall chemical change occurs. In the case of hydrogenation, the mechanism typically involves the adsorption of the unsaturated compound onto a catalyst surface, followed by the addition of hydrogen atoms to the carbon atoms involved in the double or triple bonds. Understanding the mechanism helps predict the products and the conditions required for the reaction.