Textbook Question
Draw the structures of the following compounds and use dashed lines to indicate where they form hydrogen bonds to other molecules of the same kind: (ii) methyl formate
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16. Carboxylic Acids and Their Derivatives
Naming Esters
Multiple Choice
Provide the systematic name for the following ester.
A
tert-butyl 3,3-dimethylpentanoate
B
sec-butyl 3,3-dimethylpentanoate
C
tert-butyl 4,4-dimethylpentanoate
D
isopropyl 3,3-dimethylpentanoate
Verified step by step guidance1
Identify the ester functional group in the structure, which is characterized by the presence of a carbonyl group (C=O) adjacent to an oxygen atom bonded to another carbon chain.
Determine the alkyl group attached to the oxygen atom. In this structure, the group attached to the oxygen is a tert-butyl group, which consists of a central carbon atom bonded to three methyl groups.
Identify the acyl group, which is the part of the ester that contains the carbonyl group. In this structure, the acyl group is derived from 3,3-dimethylpentanoic acid, as it has a five-carbon chain with two methyl groups on the third carbon.
Combine the names of the alkyl and acyl groups to form the systematic name of the ester. The name is constructed by placing the alkyl group name first, followed by the acyl group name with the suffix '-oate' to indicate the ester.
The systematic name of the ester is 'tert-butyl 3,3-dimethylpentanoate', as the tert-butyl group is attached to the oxygen and the acyl group is derived from 3,3-dimethylpentanoic acid.
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