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Ch. 14 - Translation and Proteins

Chapter 14, Problem 15

Refer to Figure 13.7 to respond to the following:

Shown here is a hypothetical viral mRNA sequence:

 5'-AUGCAUACCUAUGAGACCCUUGGA-3'

Assuming that it could arise from overlapping genes, how many different polypeptide sequences can be produced? What are the sequences?

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Hi everyone. Let's look at our next question. It says which of the following statements regarding overlapping genes is incorrect. So let's look through our answer statements noticing that we have a choice D all of the above. So they may all be correct. But aside from that they're not all correct. We are looking for the incorrect statement. So Choice A says overlapping genes are two or more genes that share a region of D. N. A sequence. That is true. And we can kind of if we hadn't remembered that directly, you can kind of guess that from the very name overlapping genes sharing a region of DNA sequence. So I'm just gonna mark it as true rather than selected as our answer. Since we do have the option of all of the above choice B says overlapping genes are located on the same or opposite strands the same chromosome. Well this one is a little trickier but it is true. Um They cannot corona opposite strands in this case. It's thought that perhaps this involvement of regulatory genes. Since double strand RNA RNA pairing is sometimes involved in regulation of gene expression then we have choice. See, overlapping genes are relatively common in pro carry outs and new carry outs but not in viruses. Well, here we have an incorrect statement. Um it's exactly the opposite. They are common and viruses, both RNA and DNA viruses and rare in pro carry outs and you carry outs although they are found to some degree in pro carry outs and you carry outs. It's thought that the reason they're so common in viruses is due to the limited amount of genetic material. If we think about viruses, they're very small, they have very small genomes. And so they're kind of got to make the most of that limited material. So overlapping genes makes it more efficient. You can store more information in that small amount of genetic material available to them so we can eliminate choice D. All of the above and then our other answer choices A and B. Which are correct statements would then not be our answer since we're looking for an incorrect statement. So again, the incorrect statement regarding overlapping genes is choice. See here, overlapping genes are relatively common in pro carry outs and new carry outs but not in viruses. See you in the next video.
Related Practice
Textbook Question

A short RNA molecule was isolated that demonstrated a hyperchromic shift (see Chapter 10), indicating secondary structure. Its sequence was determined to be

     5'-AGGCGCCGACUCUACU-3'

If the molecule were a tRNA fragment containing a CGA anticodon, what would the corresponding codon be?

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Most proteins have more leucine than histidine residues, but more histidine than tryptophan residues. Correlate the number of codons for these three amino acids with this information.

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The study of biochemical mutants in organisms such as Neurospora has demonstrated that some pathways are branched. The data shown in the following table illustrate the branched nature of the pathway resulting in the synthesis of thiamine: Growth Supplement _ Mutation Minimal Medium Pyrimidine Thiazole Thiamine thi-1 − − + + thi-2 − + − + thi-3 − − − + Why don't the data support a linear pathway? Can you postulate a pathway for the synthesis of thiamine in Neurospora?
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Textbook Question
Explain why the one-gene:one-enzyme concept is not considered totally accurate today.
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