(b) When 5.00 g of X is titrated with NaOH, it is found that X has two acidic hydrogens that react with NaOH and that 54.9 mL of 1.00 M NaOH is required to completely neu-tralize the sample. What is the molecular formula of X?
Ch.4 - Reactions in Aqueous Solution
Chapter 4, Problem 151a
Element M is prepared industrially by a two-step procedure according to the following (unbalanced) equations:
Assume that 0.855 g of M2O3 is submitted to the reaction sequence. When the HCl produced in step (2) is dissolved in water and titrated with 0.511 M NaOH, 144.2 mL of the NaOH solution is required to neutralize the HCl. (a) Balance both equations.
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Key Concepts
Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.
Stoichiometry
Stoichiometry is the branch of chemistry that deals with the quantitative relationships between the reactants and products in a chemical reaction. It allows chemists to predict the amounts of substances consumed and produced in a reaction based on balanced chemical equations. Understanding stoichiometry is essential for solving problems involving mass, moles, and concentrations, particularly in reactions involving multiple steps.
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Balancing Chemical Equations
Balancing chemical equations is the process of ensuring that the number of atoms for each element is the same on both sides of the equation. This is crucial because it reflects the law of conservation of mass, which states that matter cannot be created or destroyed in a chemical reaction. A balanced equation provides the correct stoichiometric ratios needed for calculations involving reactants and products.
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Acid-Base Neutralization
Acid-base neutralization is a chemical reaction between an acid and a base that produces water and a salt. In this context, hydrochloric acid (HCl) reacts with sodium hydroxide (NaOH) to form water and sodium chloride. Understanding this concept is important for calculating the amount of acid or base needed to achieve neutralization, which is essential for titration experiments and determining concentrations in solution.
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Related Practice
Textbook Question
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Textbook Question
A 1.268 g sample of a metal carbonate (MCO3) was treated with 100.00 mL of 0.1083 M sulfuric acid (H2SO4), yielding CO2 gas and an aqueous solution of the metal sulfate (MSO4). The solution was boiled to remove all the dissolved CO2 and was then titrated with 0.1241 M NaOH. A 71.02 mL volume of NaOH was required to neutralize the excess H2SO4. (a) What is the identity of the metal M?
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Textbook Question
(b) How many liters of CO2 gas were produced if the density of CO2 is 1.799 g/L?
718
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Textbook Question
Assume that you dissolve 10.0 g of a mixture of NaOH and Ba(OH)2 in 250.0 mL of water and titrate with 1.50 M hydrochloric acid. The titration is complete after 108.9 mL of the acid has been added. What is the mass in grams of each substance in the mixture?
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Textbook Question
Four solutions are prepared and mixed in the following order: (a) Start with 100.0 mL of 0.100 M BaCl2 (b) Add 50.0 mL of 0.100 M AgNO3 (c) Add 50.0 mL of 0.100 M H2SO4 (d) Add 250.0 mL of 0.100 M NH3.
Write an equation for any reaction that occurs after each step, and calculate the concentrations of Ba2+, Cl-, NO3-, NH3, and NH4+ in the final solution, assuming that all reactions go to completion.
840
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Textbook Question
To 100.0 mL of a solution that contains 0.120 M Cr(NO3)2 and 0.500 M HNO3 is added to 20.0 mL of 0.250 M K2Cr2O7. The dichromate and chromium(II) ions react to give chromium(III) ions. (a) Write a balanced net ionic equation for the reaction.
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