Chapter 23, Problem 3
Select True or False to indicate which of the following groups could be identified using the biological species concept. T/F lizard species living today T/F sunflower species living today T/F extinct dinosaurs T/F bacteria living today
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What distinguishes a morphospecies? a. It has distinctive characteristics, such as size, shape, or coloration. b. It represents a distinct branch in a phylogeny of populations. c. It is reproductively isolated from other species. d. It is a fossil from a distinct time in Earth history.
Which of the following describes vicariance? a. Small populations coalesce into one large population. b. A population is fragmented into isolated subpopulations. c. Individuals colonize a novel habitat. d. Individuals disperse and found a new population.
When the ranges of two different species meet, a stable 'hybrid zone' occupied by hybrid individuals may form. How is this possible? a. Two diverged populations are capable of mating and producing viable and fertile offspring. b. Hybrid individuals are always allopolyploid and are thus unable to mate with either of the original species. c. Hybrid individuals may have reduced fitness and thus be strongly selected against. d. One species has a selective advantage, so as hybridization continues, the other species will go extinct.
Sexual selection favors individuals with traits that increase their ability to obtain mates, such as mating calls in crickets. Using this example, propose a scenario where sexual selection could contribute to divergence in sympatric speciation.
True or false? Speciation is a slow process. Justify your answer.