Cortisol is:


a. a potent inhibitor of the inflammatory response.
b. an important part of the stress response.
c. Both a and b are correct.
d. Neither a nor b is correct.

Verified step by step guidance

1. Identify the role of cortisol in the body, focusing on its functions related to inflammation and stress.
2. Understand that cortisol is a glucocorticoid hormone produced by the adrenal cortex.
3. Recognize that cortisol plays a significant role in the body's response to stress by increasing blood sugar, suppressing the immune system, and aiding in metabolism.
4. Acknowledge that cortisol has anti-inflammatory properties, which means it can inhibit the inflammatory response.
5. Evaluate the options given: a) cortisol inhibits inflammation, b) cortisol is part of the stress response, c) both a and b are correct, d) neither a nor b are correct.

Key Concepts

Cortisol and Inflammation

Cortisol is a steroid hormone produced by the adrenal glands, primarily in response to stress. It plays a crucial role in regulating the body's inflammatory response by inhibiting the production of inflammatory mediators. This action helps to prevent excessive inflammation, which can lead to tissue damage and various health issues.

Cortisol and the Stress Response

Cortisol is a key component of the body's stress response, often referred to as the 'fight or flight' response. When faced with stress, cortisol levels increase, leading to various physiological changes such as elevated blood sugar levels and enhanced metabolism. This prepares the body to respond effectively to perceived threats.

Dual Role of Cortisol

Cortisol has a dual role in the body, acting both as an anti-inflammatory agent and as a critical hormone in the stress response. Understanding this duality is essential for comprehending its effects on health, as chronic high levels of cortisol can lead to negative outcomes, including immune suppression and increased risk of chronic diseases.