Textbook Question
Newton's First Law Exercises 17, 18, and 19 show two of the three forces acting on an object in equilibrium. Redraw the diagram, showing all three forces. Label the third force F3.
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Ch 05: Force and Motion
Chapter 5, Problem 5
A jet plane is speeding down the runway during takeoff. Air resistance is not negligible. Identify the forces on the jet.
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Identify the gravitational force acting on the jet, which is directed downwards and is equal to the mass of the jet multiplied by the acceleration due to gravity (F_g = mg).
Consider the normal force exerted by the runway on the jet, which acts upwards and is equal in magnitude and opposite in direction to the gravitational force in the absence of other vertical forces.
Recognize the thrust force provided by the jet's engines, which propels the jet forward along the runway.
Account for the air resistance or drag force that opposes the motion of the jet. This force acts in the opposite direction to the thrust and increases with the speed of the jet.
Sum up all the forces to analyze the net force acting on the jet. The net force will determine the acceleration of the jet according to Newton's second law (F_net = ma).
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Key Concepts
Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.
Forces Acting on the Jet
When a jet plane is on the runway, several forces act on it. The primary forces include thrust, which propels the jet forward, drag (air resistance) that opposes the motion, weight (gravity) pulling it downward, and lift generated by the wings that acts upward. Understanding these forces is crucial for analyzing the jet's motion during takeoff.
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Thrust
Thrust is the force produced by the jet's engines to propel it forward. It must overcome both drag and the weight of the plane for successful takeoff. The engines generate thrust by expelling air backward, following Newton's third law of motion, which states that for every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction.
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Drag
Drag is the aerodynamic force that opposes the motion of the jet through the air. It increases with the speed of the jet and is influenced by factors such as the shape of the aircraft and the density of the air. Understanding drag is essential for calculating the net force acting on the jet and determining the required thrust for takeoff.
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Related Practice
Textbook Question
A single force with x-component Fₓ acts on a 2.0 kg object as it moves along the x-axis. A graph of Fₓ versus t is shown in FIGURE P5.32. Draw an acceleration graph aₓ versus t) for this object.
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Textbook Question
A single force with x-component Fₓ acts on a 500 g object as it moves along the x-axis. The object's acceleration graph aₓ versus t) is shown in FIGURE P5.30. Draw a graph of Fₓ versus t.
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Textbook Question
Problems 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, and 52 describe a situation. For each, draw a motion diagram, a force-identification diagram, and a free-body diagram.
A Styrofoam ball has just been shot straight up. Air resistance is not negligible.
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Textbook Question
Problems 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, and 52 describe a situation. For each, draw a motion diagram, a force-identification diagram, and a free-body diagram.
A rocket is being launched straight up. Air resistance is not negligible.
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Textbook Question
Problems 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, and 52 describe a situation. For each, draw a motion diagram, a force-identification diagram, and a free-body diagram.
A model rocket is fired straight down from the top of a tower.
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