Physics

Multiple Choice

A block of mass 0.300 kg is attached to a spring. At x = 0.240 m, its acceleration is a_x= -12.0 m/s² and its velocity is v_x=4.00 m/s. What are the system's (a) force constant k and (b) amplitude of motion?

A cheerleader waves her pom-pom in SHM with an amplitude of 18.0 cm and a frequency of 0.850 Hz. Find (a) the maximum magnitude of the acceleration and of the velocity; (b) the acceleration and speed when the pom-pom's coordinate is x = +9.0 cm; (c) the time required to move from the equilibrium position directly to a point 12.0 cm away. (d) Which of the quantities asked for in parts (a), (b), and (c) can be found by using the energy approach used in Section 14.3, and which cannot? Explain.

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Textbook Question

A thrill-seeking cat with mass 4.00 kg is attached by a harness to an ideal spring of negligible mass and oscillates vertically in SHM. The amplitude is 0.050 m, and at the highest point of the motion the spring has its natural unstretched length. Calculate the elastic potential energy of the spring (take it to be zero for the unstretched spring), the kinetic energy of the cat, the gravitational potential energy of the system relative to the lowest point of the motion, and the sum of these three energies when the cat is (a) at its highest point.

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Textbook Question

A mass is oscillating with amplitude A at the end of a spring. How far (in terms of A) is this mass from the equilibrium position of the spring when the elastic potential energy equals the kinetic energy?

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Textbook Question

For the oscillating object in Fig. E14.4

, what is (b) its maximum acceleration?

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Textbook Question

For the oscillating object in Fig. E14.4

, what is (a) its maximum speed?

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Textbook Question

A 0.500-kg glider, attached to the end of an ideal spring with force constant k = 450 N/m, undergoes SHM with an amplitude of 0.040 m. Compute (e) the total mechanical energy of the glider at any point in its motion

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Textbook Question

A 0.500-kg glider, attached to the end of an ideal spring with force constant k = 450 N/m, undergoes SHM with an amplitude of 0.040 m. Compute (b) the speed of the glider when it is at x = -0.015 m.

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Textbook Question

A small block is attached to an ideal spring and is moving in SHM on a horizontal frictionless surface. The amplitude of the motion is 0.165 m. The maximum speed of the block is 3.90 m/s. What is the maximum magnitude of the acceleration of the block?

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Textbook Question

A small block is attached to an ideal spring and is moving in SHM on a horizontal, frictionless surface. The amplitude of the motion is 0.250 m and the period is 3.20 s. What are the speed and acceleration of the block when x = 0.160 m?

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Textbook Question

(III) A pinball machine uses a spring launcher that is compressed 6.0 cm to launch a ball up a 22° ramp. Assume that the pinball is a solid uniform sphere of radius r = 1.0 cm and mass m = 25g. If it is rolling without slipping (Section 10–9) at a speed of 3.0 m/s when it leaves the launcher, what is the spring constant of the spring launcher?

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Textbook Question

A 500 g air-track glider attached to a spring with spring constant 10 N/m is sitting at rest on a frictionless air track. A 250 g glider is pushed toward it from the far end of the track at a speed of 120 cm/s. It collides with and sticks to the 500 g glider. What are the amplitude and period of the subsequent oscillations?

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Textbook Question

a. When the displacement of a mass on a spring is ½A, what fraction of the energy is kinetic energy and what fraction is potential energy?

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Textbook Question

Two 500 g air-track gliders are each connected by identical springs with spring constant 25 N/m to the ends of the air track. The gliders are connected to each other by a spring with spring constant 2.0 N/m. One glider is pulled 8.0 cm to the side and released while the other is at rest at its equilibrium position. How long will it take until the glider that was initially at rest has all the motion while the first glider is at rest?

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Textbook Question

(I) A 1.28-kg mass oscillates according to the equation 𝓍 = 0.650 cos7.40 t where 𝓍 is in meters and t in seconds. Determine

(c) the total energy.

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Textbook Question

(I) A 1.28-kg mass oscillates according to the equation 𝓍 = 0.650 cos7.40 t where 𝓍 is in meters and t in seconds. Determine

(d) the kinetic energy and potential energy when 𝓍 = 0.260 m.

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Textbook Question

(I) If one oscillation has 3.0 times the energy of a second one of equal frequency and mass, what is the ratio of their amplitudes?

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Textbook Question

(II) (b) What fraction of the total energy of a SHO is kinetic and what fraction potential when the displacement is one third the amplitude?

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Textbook Question

(II) A mass resting on a horizontal, frictionless surface is attached to one end of a spring; the other end of the spring is fixed to a wall. It takes 3.2 J of work to compress the spring by 0.13 m. The mass is then released from rest and experiences a maximum acceleration of 12m/s² . Find the value of

(b) the mass.

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Textbook Question

(II) A mass resting on a horizontal, frictionless surface is attached to one end of a spring; the other end of the spring is fixed to a wall. It takes 3.2 J of work to compress the spring by 0.13 m. The mass is then released from rest and experiences a maximum acceleration of 12m/s² . Find the value of

(a) the spring constant .

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Textbook Question

(II) An object with mass 2.7 kg is executing simple harmonic motion, attached to a spring with spring constant k = 310 N/m. When the object is 0.020 m from its equilibrium position, it is moving with a speed of 0.60 m/s. n.

(b) Calculate the maximum speed attained by the object.

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Textbook Question

A 280-kg wooden raft floats on a lake. When a 68-kg man stands on the raft, it sinks 3.5 cm deeper into the water. When he steps off, the raft oscillates for a while.

(b) What is the total energy of oscillation (ignoring damping)?

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Textbook Question

A diving board oscillates with simple harmonic motion of frequency 3.0 cycles per second. What is the maximum amplitude with which the end of the board can oscillate in order that a pebble placed there (Fig. 14–42) does not lose contact with the board during the oscillation?

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Textbook Question

(II) Draw a graph like Fig. 14–11 for a horizontal spring whose spring constant is 95 N/m and which has a mass of 75 g on the end of it. Assume the spring was started with an initial amplitude of 2.0 cm. Neglect the mass of the spring and any friction with the horizontal surface. Use your graph to estimate

(a) the potential energy for 𝓍 = 1.5 cm.

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Textbook Question

(II) Draw a graph like Fig. 14–11 for a horizontal spring whose spring constant is 95 N/m and which has a mass of 75 g on the end of it. Assume the spring was started with an initial amplitude of 2.0 cm. Neglect the mass of the spring and any friction with the horizontal surface. Use your graph to estimate ,

(b) the kinetic energy, for 𝓍 = 1.5 cm.

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Textbook Question

(II) Draw a graph like Fig. 14–11 for a horizontal spring whose spring constant is 95 N/m and which has a mass of 75 g on the end of it. Assume the spring was started with an initial amplitude of 2.0 cm. Neglect the mass of the spring and any friction with the horizontal surface. Use your graph to estimate

(c) the speed of the mass, for 𝓍 = 1.5 cm.

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Textbook Question

An object in simple harmonic motion has an amplitude of 8.0 cm, n angular frequency of 0.25 rad/s, and a phase constant of π rad. Draw a velocity graph showing two cycles of the motion.

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Textbook Question

FIGURE EX15.7 is the position-versus-time graph of a particle in simple harmonic motion. c. What is vₘₐₓ?

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