The DNA probe, 3'-GGCTTA, will hybridize with which of the following?
a. 5'-CCGUUA
b. 5'-CCGAAT
c. 5'-GGCTTA
d. 3'-CCGAAT
e. 3'-GGCAAU

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand that DNA hybridization involves the pairing of complementary nucleotide bases: Adenine (A) pairs with Thymine (T), and Cytosine (C) pairs with Guanine (G).
2. Identify the sequence of the DNA probe: 3'-GGCTTA.
3. Determine the complementary sequence for the DNA probe: G pairs with C, C pairs with G, T pairs with A, and A pairs with T.
4. Write the complementary sequence in the 5' to 3' direction, as DNA strands are antiparallel.
5. Compare the complementary sequence with the given options to find the correct match.

Key Concepts

DNA Hybridization

DNA hybridization is the process where two complementary strands of DNA bind together through base pairing. This occurs when the sequences of nucleotides in the strands are complementary, allowing for the formation of stable double-stranded structures. Understanding this concept is crucial for determining which sequences will hybridize with a given DNA probe.

Base Pairing Rules

Base pairing rules dictate how nucleotides pair in DNA: adenine (A) pairs with thymine (T), and cytosine (C) pairs with guanine (G). These rules are fundamental for predicting the hybridization of DNA strands, as they ensure that only complementary sequences will bind together. Recognizing these pairings is essential for analyzing the options provided in the question.

5' and 3' Ends of DNA

DNA strands have directionality, indicated by their 5' and 3' ends. The 5' end has a phosphate group, while the 3' end has a hydroxyl group. When hybridizing, the 3' end of one strand must align with the 5' end of the complementary strand. This orientation is critical for understanding which sequences can hybridize with the given DNA probe.