Identify the monosaccharide that fits each of the following descriptions:


(a) in combination with glucose produces the disaccharide lactose

Verified step by step guidance

1. Identify the disaccharide lactose and its components.
2. Recall that lactose is composed of two monosaccharides: glucose and another sugar.
3. Determine the second monosaccharide that combines with glucose to form lactose.
4. Understand that lactose is a disaccharide found in milk.
5. Recognize that the monosaccharide that combines with glucose to form lactose is galactose.

Key Concepts

Monosaccharides

Monosaccharides are the simplest form of carbohydrates, consisting of single sugar molecules. They serve as the building blocks for more complex carbohydrates, such as disaccharides and polysaccharides. Common examples include glucose, fructose, and galactose, each with distinct structures and functions in biological systems.

Disaccharides

Disaccharides are carbohydrates formed by the combination of two monosaccharides through a glycosidic bond. They play essential roles in energy storage and transport in living organisms. Lactose, for instance, is a disaccharide composed of glucose and galactose, and is found in milk.

Lactose

Lactose is a specific type of disaccharide that consists of one glucose molecule and one galactose molecule. It is primarily found in milk and dairy products and is broken down in the body by the enzyme lactase. Understanding lactose is crucial for discussing its role in nutrition and its implications for lactose intolerance.