Identify the following reactions as condensation or hydrolysis:


(a) two monosaccharides reacting to form a disaccharide

Verified step by step guidance

1. Identify the two types of reactions: Condensation reactions involve the joining of two molecules with the loss of a small molecule, often water. Hydrolysis reactions involve the breaking down of a compound by adding water.
2. Consider the reaction given: two monosaccharides reacting to form a disaccharide.
3. In this reaction, two monosaccharides are combining to form a larger molecule, a disaccharide.
4. Determine if a small molecule, such as water, is lost during the formation of the disaccharide.
5. Conclude whether the reaction is a condensation reaction (if water is lost) or a hydrolysis reaction (if water is added).

Key Concepts

Condensation Reaction

A condensation reaction is a chemical process where two molecules combine to form a larger molecule, releasing a small molecule, often water, as a byproduct. This type of reaction is crucial in the formation of complex carbohydrates, proteins, and nucleic acids, where smaller units like monosaccharides or amino acids join together.

Hydrolysis Reaction

Hydrolysis is the reverse of a condensation reaction, where a larger molecule is broken down into smaller units by the addition of water. This process is essential for digestion and metabolism, as it allows complex molecules like polysaccharides and proteins to be broken down into their constituent monosaccharides and amino acids for absorption and utilization by the body.

Disaccharide Formation

Disaccharides are formed when two monosaccharides undergo a condensation reaction, resulting in the formation of a glycosidic bond and the release of water. Common examples include sucrose (glucose + fructose) and lactose (glucose + galactose), which are important sources of energy in biological systems.