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Ch. 6 - Genetic Analysis and Mapping in Bacteria and Bacteriophages

Chapter 6, Problem 3

With respect to F⁺ and F⁻ bacterial matings, answer the following questions: How was it established that physical contact between cells was necessary?

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Hello everyone here we have a question asking which of the following statements is false regarding the significance of bacterial conjugation. A. They can move genes in bacteria that confer antibiotic resistant or cause diseases. Bacteria can exchange special D. N. A. Fragments that contain genetic information during congregations. And these can include genes that assist them in antibiotic resistance. So A. Is incorrect. Be bacteria can increase their genetic diversity through conjugation. A bacterium can donate a plasma containing genes for proteins that are responsible for antibiotic resistance through bacterial conjugation which increases the genetic diversity. So B. Is not our answer because we're looking for the false statement. See resistance to hazardous environmental conditions could be transferred when two bacteria attach and combine their genetic material. This process increases genetic diversity. So a novel gene combination is produced which means that the bacteria have conjugated that are more resilient and challenging environments. So this statement is true. So it is not our answer. D Both bacteria benefit through exchanging genetic material to survive the harsh environment during conjugation. One bacterium is the donor of the genetic material and the other is the recipient. The donor is not benefiting through X. Exchange of genetic material but the recipient is so D. Is incorrect. Which means that is our answer. Thank you for watching. Bye.
Related Practice
Textbook Question
In this chapter, we have focused on genetic systems present in bacteria and on the viruses that use bacteria as hosts (bacteriophages). In particular, we discussed mechanisms by which bacteria and their phages undergo genetic recombination, which allows geneticists to map bacterial and bacteriophage chromosomes. In the process, we found many opportunities to consider how this information was acquired. From the explanations given in the chapter, what answers would you propose to the following questions? How do we know that bacteria undergo genetic recombination, allowing the transfer of genes from one organism to another?
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Textbook Question
Write a short summary that contrasts how recombination occurs in bacteria and bacteriophages.
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Textbook Question

Price et al. [(1999). J. Bacteriol. 181:2358–2362] conducted a genetic study of the toxin transport protein (PA) of Bacillus anthracis, the bacterium that causes anthrax in humans. Within the 2294-nucleotide gene in 26 strains they identified five point mutations—two missense and three synonyms—among different isolates. Necropsy samples from an anthrax outbreak in 1979 revealed a novel missense mutation and five unique nucleotide changes among ten victims. The authors concluded that these data indicate little or no horizontal transfer between different B. anthracis strains.

What is meant by 'horizontal transfer'?

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Textbook Question
With respect to F⁺ and F⁻ bacterial matings, answer the following questions: How was it established that chromosome transfer was unidirectional?
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Textbook Question
With respect to F⁺ and F⁻ bacterial matings, answer the following questions: What is the genetic basis for a bacterium's being F⁺.
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Textbook Question
List all major differences between (a) the F⁺ x F⁻ and the Hfr x F⁻ bacterial crosses; and (b) the F⁺, F⁻, Hfr, and F' bacteria.
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