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Ch. 23 - Developmental Genetics
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All textbooksKlug 12th EditionCh. 23 - Developmental GeneticsProblem 21

Chapter 22, Problem 21

The floral homeotic genes of Arabidopsis belong to the MADS-box gene family, while in Drosophila, homeotic genes belong to the homeobox gene family. In both Arabidopsis and Drosophila, members of the Polycomb gene family control expression of these divergent homeotic genes. How do Polycomb genes control expression of two very different sets of homeotic genes?

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Hey, everyone. Let's take a look at this question. Together. The Polycom genes control the expression of two very different sets of homoerotic genes by regulating the chroma tin structure of blank genes in arabidopsis and blank genes in Drosophila. So we know that these Polycom genes control the expression of two very different sets of these homoerotic genes, which we know that the homoerotic genes are genes that specify the identity of different segments and organs during development. And so let's take a look at the answer choices to try to figure out which answer choice is best to represent those two very different sets of homoerotic genes that are regulated. So looking at our answer choices, we can go ahead and eliminate answer choice C and D because we know that extra sex combs are not a gene family involved in the regulation of home idiotic dreams. And instead are genes that are responsible for regulating the development of sex combs in the male Drosophila fly. So between the answer choices A and B, we have to figure out which one of the two are found in arabidopsis and which are found in Drosophila flies. Well, starting off with answer choice A, we see homo box and when plugged into the question would be found in these arabidopsis, which we note that the homo box are not found in Arabidopsis. And so that means that answer choice A is incorrect. And answer choice B is the correct answer. Because we know that in Arabidopsis, the homoerotic genes belong to the Mads Box family. And in Drosophila, the homoerotic genes belong to the homo box family. So answer choice B is the correct answer. I hope you found this video to be helpful. Thank you and goodbye.
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Textbook Question

The apterous gene in Drosophila encodes a protein required for wing patterning and growth. It is also known to function in nerve development, fertility, and viability. When human and mouse genes whose protein products closely resemble apterous were used to generate transgenic Drosophila [Rincon-Limas et al. (1999). Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. (USA) 96:2165–2170], the apterous mutant phenotype was rescued. In addition, the whole-body expression patterns in the transgenic Drosophila were similar to normal apterous.

What is meant by the term rescued in this context?

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Textbook Question

The apterous gene in Drosophila encodes a protein required for wing patterning and growth. It is also known to function in nerve development, fertility, and viability. When human and mouse genes whose protein products closely resemble apterous were used to generate transgenic Drosophila [Rincon-Limas et al. (1999). Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. (USA) 96:2165–2170], the apterous mutant phenotype was rescued. In addition, the whole-body expression patterns in the transgenic Drosophila were similar to normal apterous.

What do these results indicate about the molecular nature of development?

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Textbook Question

In Arabidopsis, flower development is controlled by sets of homeotic genes. How many classes of these genes are there, and what structures are formed by their individual and combined expression?

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Textbook Question

Vulval development in C. elegans is dependent on the response of some of the central epidermal progenitor cells in the region of the developing vulva to a chemical signal from the gonad. Signaling from the gonad is blocked by action of the vulvaless mutant let-23 so that none of the central progenitor cells form vulval structures. In the vulvaless mutant, n300, the central progenitor cells do not form.

Which gene is likely to act earlier in the vulval developmental pathway?

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Textbook Question

Vulval development in C. elegans is dependent on the response of some of the central epidermal progenitor cells in the region of the developing vulva to a chemical signal from the gonad. Signaling from the gonad is blocked by action of the vulvaless mutant let-23 so that none of the central progenitor cells form vulval structures. In the vulvaless mutant, n300, the central progenitor cells do not form.

What phenotype (vulva formed or vulvaless) would you expect from the double mutant? Why?

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