Textbook Question
Refer to Table 13.1. Can you hypothesize why a synthetic RNA composed of a mixture of poly U poly A would not stimulate incorporation of ¹⁴C-phenylalanine into protein?
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Ch. 13 - The Genetic Code and Transcription
Klug12th EditionConcepts of Genetics ISBN: 9780135564776
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Table of contents
- Ch. 1 - Introduction to Genetics17
- Ch. 2 - Mitosis and Meiosis36
- Ch. 3 - Mendelian Genetics51
- Ch. 4 - Extensions of Mendelian Genetics74
- Ch. 5 - Chromosome Mapping in Eukaryotes51
- Ch. 6 - Genetic Analysis and Mapping in Bacteria and Bacteriophages46
- Ch. 7 - Sex Determination and Sex Chromosomes33
- Ch. 8 - Chromosome Mutations: Variation in Number and Arrangement40
- Ch. 9 - Extranuclear Inheritance31
- Ch. 10 - DNA Structure and Analysis43
- Ch. 11 - DNA Replication and Recombination44
- Ch. 12 - DNA Organization in Chromosomes30
- Ch. 13 - The Genetic Code and Transcription54
- Ch. 14 - Translation and Proteins47
- Ch. 15 - Gene Mutation, DNA Repair, and Transposition41
- Ch. 16 - Regulation of Gene Expression in Bacteria29
- Ch. 17 - Transcriptional Regulation in Eukaryotes41
- Ch. 18 - Post-transcriptional Regulation in Eukaryotes33
- Ch. 19 - Epigenetics33
- Ch. 20 - Recombinant DNA Technology44
- Ch. 21 - Genomic Analysis36
- Ch. 22 - Applications of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology36
- Ch. 23 - Developmental Genetics37
- Ch. 24 - Cancer Genetics34
- Ch. 25 - Quantitative Genetics and Multifactorial Traits54
- Ch. 26 - Population and Evolutionary Genetics45
Chapter 13, Problem 13b
A short RNA molecule was isolated that demonstrated a hyperchromic shift, indicating secondary structure. Its sequence was determined to be
5'-AGGCGCCGACUCUACU-3'
What DNA sequence would give rise to this RNA molecule through transcription?
Verified step by step guidance1
Identify that the RNA sequence is synthesized from the DNA template strand during transcription, where RNA is complementary and antiparallel to the DNA template strand.
Write down the RNA sequence given: 5'-AGGCGCCGACUCUACU-3'. Since RNA is synthesized 5' to 3', the DNA template strand must be complementary and oriented 3' to 5'.
Find the complementary DNA template strand by replacing each RNA base with its DNA complement: A pairs with T, G pairs with C, C pairs with G, and U (uracil) pairs with A. Remember to reverse the direction to 3' to 5'.
Once the DNA template strand is determined (3' to 5'), write the corresponding DNA coding strand, which has the same sequence as the RNA (except T replaces U) and runs 5' to 3'.
Present the final DNA sequence (coding strand) that would give rise to the RNA molecule during transcription.
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Key Concepts
Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.
Transcription Process
Transcription is the process by which an RNA molecule is synthesized from a DNA template strand. RNA polymerase reads the DNA template strand in the 3' to 5' direction, producing a complementary RNA strand in the 5' to 3' direction. The RNA sequence is complementary to the DNA template strand and identical (except for uracil replacing thymine) to the DNA coding strand.
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08:39
mRNA Processing
DNA and RNA Base Pairing Rules
Base pairing rules dictate that adenine (A) pairs with thymine (T) in DNA, but in RNA, adenine pairs with uracil (U). Cytosine (C) pairs with guanine (G) in both DNA and RNA. During transcription, RNA bases pair complementarily with the DNA template strand, replacing thymine with uracil in RNA.
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07:40Methods for Analyzing DNA and RNA
DNA Coding and Template Strands
The DNA coding strand has the same sequence as the RNA transcript (except T is replaced by U in RNA), while the template strand is complementary to both. To find the DNA sequence that produces a given RNA, one must identify the coding strand sequence, which matches the RNA sequence with T substituted for U.
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11:43The Genetic Code
Related Practice
Textbook Question
Predict the amino acid sequence produced during translation by the following short hypothetical mRNA sequences (note that the second sequence was formed from the first by a deletion of only one nucleotide):
Sequence 1: 5'-AUGCCGGAUUAUAGUUGA-3'
Sequence 2: 5'-AUGCCGGAUUAAGUUGA-3'
What type of mutation gave rise to sequence 2?
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Textbook Question
A short RNA molecule was isolated that demonstrated a hyperchromic shift, indicating secondary structure. Its sequence was determined to be
5'-AGGCGCCGACUCUACU-3'
Propose a two-dimensional model for this molecule.
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Textbook Question
A short RNA molecule was isolated that demonstrated a hyperchromic shift, indicating secondary structure. Its sequence was determined to be
5'-AGGCGCCGACUCUACU-3'
If the molecule were a tRNA fragment containing a CGA anticodon, what would the corresponding codon be?
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Textbook Question
A short RNA molecule was isolated that demonstrated a hyperchromic shift, indicating secondary structure. Its sequence was determined to be
5'-AGGCGCCGACUCUACU-3'
If the molecule were an internal part of a message, what amino acid sequence would result from it following translation?
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Textbook Question
A glycine residue is in position 210 of the tryptophan synthetase enzyme of wild-type E. coli. If the codon specifying glycine is GGA, how many single-base substitutions will result in an amino acid substitution at position 210? What are they? How many will result if the wild-type codon is GGU?
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