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Ch. 20 - Population Genetics and Evolution at the Population, Species, and Molecular Levels
Sanders - Genetic Analysis: An Integrated Approach 3rd Edition
Sanders3rd EditionGenetic Analysis: An Integrated ApproachISBN: 9780135564172Not the one you use?Change textbook
All textbooksSanders 3rd EditionCh. 20 - Population Genetics and Evolution at the Population, Species, and Molecular LevelsProblem 36d
Chapter 20, Problem 36d

Draw a separate hypothetical pedigree identifying the inbred individuals and the inbreeding pathways for each of the following inbreeding coefficients:
F=2(1/2)⁷

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Step 1: Understand the concept of inbreeding coefficient (F). The inbreeding coefficient quantifies the probability that two alleles at a locus are identical by descent. It is calculated based on the pathways of inheritance and the degree of relatedness between parents.
Step 2: Recognize that the formula for the inbreeding coefficient is F = Σ(1/2)^n, where n represents the number of individuals in the inbreeding pathway connecting the parents of the individual being analyzed. In this case, F = 2(1/2)^7.
Step 3: Draw a hypothetical pedigree. Start by identifying the individual whose inbreeding coefficient is being calculated. This individual will be the focal point of the pedigree. Label this individual clearly.
Step 4: Trace the inbreeding pathways. Since the formula includes (1/2)^7, this indicates that there are 7 generations in the pathway connecting the parents of the focal individual. Draw the pedigree to reflect this, showing the common ancestor(s) and the repeated mating events that lead to the focal individual.
Step 5: Highlight the inbred individuals and the pathways. Mark the individuals in the pedigree who are inbred (those with an inbreeding coefficient greater than 0). Clearly indicate the pathways that contribute to the calculation of F = 2(1/2)^7, ensuring the pedigree visually represents the generational connections and shared ancestry.

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Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

Inbreeding Coefficient (F)

The inbreeding coefficient (F) quantifies the probability that two alleles at a locus are identical by descent. It ranges from 0 (no inbreeding) to 1 (complete inbreeding). In this context, F=2(1/2)⁷ indicates a specific level of inbreeding, which can be calculated to understand the genetic relatedness of individuals in a pedigree.
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F Factor and Hfr

Pedigree Analysis

Pedigree analysis is a method used to trace the inheritance of traits and genetic disorders through generations. It involves creating a diagram that represents family relationships and genetic connections. By analyzing a pedigree, one can identify inbred individuals and their pathways, which is essential for understanding the implications of inbreeding on genetic diversity and health.
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Pedigree Flowchart

Inbreeding Pathways

Inbreeding pathways refer to the specific routes through which genetic material is passed between related individuals in a pedigree. These pathways illustrate how alleles can be inherited from common ancestors, leading to increased homozygosity. Understanding these pathways is crucial for identifying inbred individuals and assessing the potential risks associated with inbreeding, such as the expression of deleterious traits.
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Related Practice
Textbook Question
Achromatopsia is a rare autosomal recessive form of complete color blindness that affects about 1 in 20,000 people in most populations. People with this disorder see only in black and white and have extreme sensitivity to light and poor visual acuity. On Pingelap Island, one of a cluster of coral atoll islands in the Federated States of Micronesia, approximately 10% of the 3000 indigenous Pingelapese inhabitants have achromatopsia.Achromatopsia was first recorded on Pingelap in the mid-1800s, about four generations after a typhoon devastated Pingelap and reduced the island population to about 20 people. All Pingelapese with achromatopsia trace their ancestry to one male who was one of the 20 typhoon survivors. Provide a genetic explanation for the origin of achromatopsia on Pingelap, and explain the most likely evolutionary model for the high frequency there of achromatopsia.
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Textbook Question

Draw a separate hypothetical pedigree identifying the inbred individuals and the inbreeding pathways for each of the following inbreeding coefficients:

F=4(1/2)⁸

427
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Textbook Question

Draw a separate hypothetical pedigree identifying the inbred individuals and the inbreeding pathways for each of the following inbreeding coefficients:

F=4(1/2)⁶

425
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Textbook Question
The human melanocortin 1 receptor gene (MC1R) plays a major role in producing eumelanin, a black-brown pigment that helps determine hair color and skin color. Jonathan Rees and several colleagues (J. L. Rees et al., Am. J. Human Genet. 66(2000): 1351–1361) studied multiple MC1R alleles in African and European populations. Although this research found several MC1R alleles in African populations, MC1R alleles that decrease the production of eumelanin were rare. In contrast, several alleles decreasing eumelanin production were found in European populations. How can these results be explained by natural selection?
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Textbook Question

New allopolyploid plant species can arise by hybridization between two species. If hybridization occurs between a diploid plant species with 2n = 14 and a second diploid species with 2n = 22, the new allopolyploid would have 36 chromosomes. Is it likely that sexual reproduction between the allopolyploid species and either of its diploid ancestors would yield fertile progeny? Why or why not?

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Textbook Question

Draw a separate hypothetical pedigree identifying the inbred individuals and the inbreeding pathways for each of the following inbreeding coefficients:

F=2(1/2)⁵

695
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