A wild-type male and a wild-type female Drosophila with red eyes and full wings are crossed. Their progeny are shown below.

Males                                       Females                          _
3/8 full wing, red eye                 3/4 full wing, red eye
3/8 miniature wing, red eye.      1/4 purple eye, full wing
1/8 purple eye, full wing
1/8 miniature wing, purple eye

What is/are the genotype(s) of females with purple eye? Of males with purple eye and miniature wing?

Key Concepts

Drosophila Genetics

Drosophila melanogaster, commonly known as fruit flies, are a model organism in genetics due to their simple genetic structure and short life cycle. They have well-defined traits, such as eye color and wing size, which are often used in genetic crosses to study inheritance patterns. Understanding the basic genetics of Drosophila, including dominant and recessive traits, is essential for analyzing the outcomes of genetic crosses.

Genotype and Phenotype

The genotype refers to the genetic makeup of an organism, while the phenotype is the observable physical or biochemical characteristics resulting from the genotype and environmental influences. In the context of the question, identifying the genotypes of the progeny with purple eyes and miniature wings requires understanding how these traits are inherited and expressed based on the parental genotypes.

Punnett Squares and Mendelian Inheritance

Punnett squares are a tool used to predict the genotypic and phenotypic ratios of offspring from a genetic cross. They illustrate how alleles segregate and combine during reproduction, following Mendelian principles of inheritance. By applying a Punnett square to the traits of Drosophila in the question, one can determine the possible genotypes of the progeny, including those with purple eyes and miniature wings.