A DNA sequence encoding a five-amino acid polypeptide is given below.
...ACGGCAAGATCCCACCCTAATCAGACCGTACCATTCACCTCCT...
...TGCCGTTCTAGGGTGGGATTAGTCTGGCATGGTAAGTGGAGGA...

Give the sequence and polarity of the mRNA encoding the polypeptide.

Key Concepts

Transcription

Transcription is the process by which the genetic information encoded in DNA is copied into messenger RNA (mRNA). During transcription, RNA polymerase binds to the DNA at the promoter region and synthesizes a complementary RNA strand using one of the DNA strands as a template. This process is crucial for gene expression, as it converts the genetic code into a format that can be translated into proteins.

mRNA Sequence

The mRNA sequence is derived from the DNA template during transcription and consists of ribonucleotides that correspond to the DNA bases. In mRNA, adenine (A) pairs with uracil (U) instead of thymine (T), which is found in DNA. The sequence of mRNA is read in sets of three nucleotides, known as codons, each of which specifies a particular amino acid in the resulting polypeptide chain.

Polarity of Nucleic Acids

Nucleic acids, including DNA and RNA, have directionality, referred to as polarity, which is defined by the orientation of the sugar-phosphate backbone. The two ends of a nucleic acid strand are designated as the 5' (five-prime) end and the 3' (three-prime) end. During transcription, RNA is synthesized in the 5' to 3' direction, meaning that the 5' end of the mRNA corresponds to the start of the coding sequence, while the 3' end is where the transcription process terminates.