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Ch.6 - Gases
Chapter 6, Problem 78

Ozone is depleted in the stratosphere by chlorine from CF3Cl according to this set of equations:
CF3Cl + UV light → CF3 + Cl
Cl + O3 → ClO + O2
O3 + UV light → O2 + O
ClO + O → Cl + O2
What total volume of ozone at a pressure of 25.0 mmHg and a temperature of 225 K is destroyed when all of the chlorine from 15.0 g of CF3Cl goes through 10 cycles of the given reactions?

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Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

Ozone Depletion Mechanism

Ozone depletion occurs when ozone (O3) in the stratosphere is broken down by reactive species, such as chlorine atoms released from chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) like CF3Cl. The chlorine atoms catalyze the destruction of ozone, leading to a cycle where one chlorine atom can destroy thousands of ozone molecules before being deactivated.
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Ideal Gas Law

The Ideal Gas Law (PV = nRT) relates the pressure, volume, and temperature of a gas to the number of moles present. In this context, it can be used to calculate the volume of ozone destroyed by determining the number of moles of ozone at the given pressure and temperature, allowing for the quantification of ozone loss due to the reactions with chlorine.
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Stoichiometry of Chemical Reactions

Stoichiometry involves the calculation of reactants and products in chemical reactions based on balanced equations. Understanding the stoichiometry of the reactions provided is essential to determine how much ozone is destroyed per cycle of reaction, and subsequently, how much total ozone is affected by the chlorine from the specified mass of CF3Cl.
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Related Practice
Textbook Question

Automobile air bags inflate following a serious impact. The impact triggers the chemical reaction: 2 NaN3(s) → 2 Na(s) + 3 N2(g) If an automobile air bag has a volume of 11.8 L, what mass of NaN3 (in g) is required to fully inflate the air bag upon impact? Assume STP conditions.

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Textbook Question

Lithium reacts with nitrogen gas according to the reaction: 6 Li(s) + N2(g) → 2 Li3N(s) What mass of lithium (in g) reacts completely with 58.5 mL of N2 gas at STP?

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Hydrogen gas (a potential future fuel) can be formed by the reaction of methane with water according to the equation: CH4(g) + H2O(g) → CO(g) + 3 H2(g) In a particular reaction, 25.5 L of methane gas (measured at a pressure of 732 torr and a temperature of 25 °C) mixes with 22.8 L of water vapor (measured at a pressure of 702 torr and a temperature of 125 °C). The reaction produces 26.2 L of hydrogen gas at STP. What is the percent yield of the reaction?

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Textbook Question

Chlorine gas reacts with fluorine gas to form chlorine trifluoride. Cl2(g) + 3 F2(g) → 2 ClF3(g) A 2.00-L reaction vessel, initially at 298 K, contains chlorine gas at a partial pressure of 337 mmHg and fluorine gas at a partial pressure of 729 mmHg. Identify the limiting reactant. Determine the theoretical yield of ClF3 in grams.

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Textbook Question

Carbon monoxide gas reacts with hydrogen gas to form methanol. CO(g) + 2 H2(g) → CH3OH(g) A 1.50-L reaction vessel, initially at 305 K, contains carbon monoxide gas at a partial pressure of 232 mmHg and hydrogen gas at a partial pressure of 397 mmHg. Identify the limiting reactant. Determine the theoretical yield of methanol in grams.

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Textbook Question

Consider a 1.0-L sample of helium gas and a 1.0-L sample of argon gas, both at room temperature and atmospheric pressure. a. Do the atoms in the helium sample have the same average kinetic energy as the atoms in the argon sample?

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