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Ch.6 - Gases
Chapter 6, Problem 76

Lithium reacts with nitrogen gas according to the reaction: 6 Li(s) + N2(g) → 2 Li3N(s) What mass of lithium (in g) reacts completely with 58.5 mL of N2 gas at STP?

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Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

Stoichiometry

Stoichiometry is the calculation of reactants and products in chemical reactions based on the balanced equation. It allows us to determine the proportions of substances involved in a reaction, which is essential for solving problems related to mass and volume of reactants and products.
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Ideal Gas Law

The Ideal Gas Law relates the pressure, volume, temperature, and number of moles of a gas through the equation PV = nRT. At standard temperature and pressure (STP), one mole of an ideal gas occupies 22.4 liters, which is crucial for converting the volume of nitrogen gas into moles for stoichiometric calculations.
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Molar Mass

Molar mass is the mass of one mole of a substance, typically expressed in grams per mole (g/mol). Knowing the molar mass of lithium allows us to convert the number of moles of lithium required for the reaction into grams, facilitating the calculation of the mass that reacts with a given volume of nitrogen gas.
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Related Practice
Textbook Question

CH3OH can be synthesized by the reaction: CO(g) + 2 H2(g) → CH3OH( g) What volume of H2 gas (in L), at 748 mmHg and 86 °C, is required to synthesize 25.8 g CH3OH? How many liters of CO gas, measured under the same conditions, are required?

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Textbook Question

Oxygen gas reacts with powdered aluminum according to the reaction: 4 Al(s) + 3 O2(g) → 2 Al2O3(s) What volume of O2 gas (in L), measured at 782 mmHg and 25 °C, completely reacts with 53.2 g Al?

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Textbook Question

Automobile air bags inflate following a serious impact. The impact triggers the chemical reaction: 2 NaN3(s) → 2 Na(s) + 3 N2(g) If an automobile air bag has a volume of 11.8 L, what mass of NaN3 (in g) is required to fully inflate the air bag upon impact? Assume STP conditions.

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Textbook Question

Hydrogen gas (a potential future fuel) can be formed by the reaction of methane with water according to the equation: CH4(g) + H2O(g) → CO(g) + 3 H2(g) In a particular reaction, 25.5 L of methane gas (measured at a pressure of 732 torr and a temperature of 25 °C) mixes with 22.8 L of water vapor (measured at a pressure of 702 torr and a temperature of 125 °C). The reaction produces 26.2 L of hydrogen gas at STP. What is the percent yield of the reaction?

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Textbook Question

Ozone is depleted in the stratosphere by chlorine from CF3Cl according to this set of equations:

CF3Cl + UV light → CF3 + Cl

Cl + O3 → ClO + O2

O3 + UV light → O2 + O

ClO + O → Cl + O2

What total volume of ozone at a pressure of 25.0 mmHg and a temperature of 225 K is destroyed when all of the chlorine from 15.0 g of CF3Cl goes through 10 cycles of the given reactions?

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Textbook Question

Chlorine gas reacts with fluorine gas to form chlorine trifluoride. Cl2(g) + 3 F2(g) → 2 ClF3(g) A 2.00-L reaction vessel, initially at 298 K, contains chlorine gas at a partial pressure of 337 mmHg and fluorine gas at a partial pressure of 729 mmHg. Identify the limiting reactant. Determine the theoretical yield of ClF3 in grams.

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