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Ch.21 - Organic Chemistry
Chapter 21, Problem 91a

Name each compound. a.
Structural formula of an alkane with multiple substituents for naming practice.

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Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

Alkane Structure

Alkanes are hydrocarbons that consist solely of carbon (C) and hydrogen (H) atoms, connected by single bonds. They follow the general formula CnH2n+2, where 'n' is the number of carbon atoms. The structure can be linear or branched, and understanding the arrangement of carbon atoms is crucial for naming the compound correctly.
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IUPAC Nomenclature

The International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) nomenclature provides a systematic method for naming chemical compounds. For alkanes, the name is derived from the longest continuous carbon chain, with substituents identified and named as prefixes. The position of substituents is indicated by numbers corresponding to their location on the carbon chain.
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Substituents and Branching

Substituents are groups of atoms that replace hydrogen atoms in a hydrocarbon chain. In branched alkanes, identifying and naming these substituents is essential for proper nomenclature. Each substituent is named based on the number of carbon atoms it contains, and its position on the main chain is indicated in the compound's name.
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