Name each alkene. c.

Key Concepts

Alkenes

Alkenes are hydrocarbons that contain at least one carbon-carbon double bond (C=C). They are unsaturated compounds, meaning they have fewer hydrogen atoms than alkanes, which are saturated. The presence of the double bond gives alkenes unique chemical properties, including reactivity in addition reactions.

Nomenclature of Alkenes

The nomenclature of alkenes follows the IUPAC (International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry) rules, which involve identifying the longest carbon chain containing the double bond. The name is derived from the number of carbon atoms in the chain, with the suffix '-ene' indicating the presence of a double bond. The position of the double bond is indicated by the lowest-numbered carbon atom involved in the bond.

Isomerism in Alkenes

Alkenes can exhibit geometric isomerism due to the restricted rotation around the carbon-carbon double bond. This results in cis and trans isomers, where substituents are positioned differently relative to the double bond. Understanding isomerism is crucial for naming alkenes correctly, as different isomers can have distinct physical and chemical properties.