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Ch.2 - Atoms & Elements
Chapter 2, Problem 106

Neutron stars are composed of solid nuclear matter, primarily neutrons. Assume the radius of a neutron is approximately 1.0×10–13 cm. Calculate the density of a neutron. [Hint: For a sphere V = (4/3)πr3.] Assuming that a neutron star has the same density as a neutron, calculate the mass (in kg) of a small piece of a neutron star the size of a spherical pebble with a radius of 0.10 mm.

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Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

Density

Density is defined as mass per unit volume, typically expressed in grams per cubic centimeter (g/cm³) or kilograms per cubic meter (kg/m³). It is a crucial property that helps determine how much matter is packed into a given space. In this context, understanding density allows us to calculate the mass of a neutron based on its volume and the relationship between mass and density.
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Volume of a Sphere

The volume of a sphere is calculated using the formula V = (4/3)πr³, where r is the radius of the sphere. This formula is essential for determining the volume of both a neutron and a small piece of a neutron star, as it allows us to quantify the space occupied by these spherical objects. Accurate volume calculations are necessary to find the corresponding mass when density is known.
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Mass Calculation

Mass can be calculated using the formula mass = density × volume. This relationship is fundamental in physics and chemistry, as it connects the amount of matter (mass) to how densely it is packed (density) and the space it occupies (volume). In the context of the question, this formula will be used to find the mass of a neutron star fragment by applying the density of a neutron to the calculated volume of the pebble-sized sphere.
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