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Ch.2 - Atoms & Elements
Chapter 2, Problem 103

Nuclei with the same number of neutrons but different mass numbers are called isotones. Write the symbols of four isotones of 236Th.

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Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

Isotones

Isotones are nuclei that have the same number of neutrons but different numbers of protons, resulting in different elements. For example, if two isotones have the same neutron count but differ in their atomic mass, they represent different isotopes of different elements. Understanding isotones is crucial for identifying relationships between different atomic species based on their neutron composition.
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Mass Number

The mass number of an atom is the total number of protons and neutrons in its nucleus. It is an important identifier for isotopes and isotones, as it helps distinguish between different forms of an element. In the context of isotones, while the neutron count remains constant, the mass number varies due to differences in proton count, leading to different atomic identities.
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Nuclear Notation

Nuclear notation is a way of representing isotopes and elements using symbols that include the element's chemical symbol, mass number, and atomic number. For example, the notation for thorium-236 is written as 236Th, where 236 is the mass number. This notation is essential for clearly communicating information about isotopes and isotones in nuclear chemistry.
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Related Practice
Textbook Question

Naturally occurring iodine has an atomic mass of 126.9045 amu. A 12.3849 g sample of iodine is accidentally contaminated with an additional 1.00070 g of 129I, a synthetic radioisotope of iodine used in the treatment of certain diseases of the thyroid gland. The mass of 129I is 128.9050 amu. Find the apparent 'atomic mass' of the contaminated iodine.

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Textbook Question

Use the mass spectrum of lead to estimate the atomic mass of lead. Estimate the mass and percent intensity values from the graph to three significant figures.

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Textbook Question

Use the mass spectrum of mercury to estimate the atomic mass of mercury. Estimate the masses and percent intensity values from the graph to three significant figures.

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Textbook Question

Neutron stars are composed of solid nuclear matter, primarily neutrons. Assume the radius of a neutron is approximately 1.0×10–13 cm. Calculate the density of a neutron. [Hint: For a sphere V = (4/3)πr3.] Assuming that a neutron star has the same density as a neutron, calculate the mass (in kg) of a small piece of a neutron star the size of a spherical pebble with a radius of 0.10 mm.

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Textbook Question

Carbon-12 contains six protons and six neutrons. The radius of the nucleus is approximately 2.7 fm (femtometers) and the radius of the atom is approximately 70 pm (picometers). Calculate the volume of the nucleus and the volume of the atom.

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Textbook Question

Carbon-12 contains six protons and six neutrons. The radius of the nucleus is approximately 2.7 fm (femtometers) and the radius of the atom is approximately 70 pm (picometers). What percentage of the carbon atom's volume is occupied by the nucleus? (Assume two significant figures.)

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