Assign a systematic name to each of the following ions.  

(a) [AuCl₄]^-

(b) [Fe(CN)₆]^4-

Video transcript

All right. Hi, everyone. So this question says to provide the systematic name or the ro 63 negative ion and the C BR negative ion. So here we have four different answer choices, proposing different names were both complex ions as part one and part two. So like I mentioned earlier, right, it just so happens that we have two complex ions to name in this question because recalled complex ions are composed of a metal cion in the center as well as additional molecules or ions referred to as ligands molecules and or ions. So as we go through each example, we're going to go ahead and recall the relevant rules to take into consideration when naming a complex ion starting off with. Are you 06 oops close parentheses, three negative. So here if I go ahead and scroll down, open up some space, our metal cion in the center of the complex happens to be Rusina. Now, one of the first things to keep in mind when naming the metal of the complex ion is that if the metal itself is part of an anionic complex, meaning the complex has a negative charge overall, then the normal suffix of the name gets dropped and replaced with the suffix A te. So in this case, we do have an anionic complex because the charge is negative three. So I will drop the suffix of ruthenium and convert that to resonate. However, I also have to consider the fact that rhenium is in fact a transition metal. So therefore, because I have a transition metal in the center, I must use a Roman numeral to describe the positive charge of ruthenium in this complex. So thats what we going to calculate now. So in this case, I don't quite know the oxidation state of ruthenium quite yet, right? So I'm going to treat this as a variable or X. Now recall first and foremost that the charge of the complex is equal to the total oxidation number of the complex and the sum of all oxidation numbers present for all atoms and Liggins present in your compound must add up to the total charge. So here the oxidation state of ruthenium added to the oxidation state or the charge of each ligand must be equal to negative three. So in this case, it just so happens that we have six hydroxide lids. Now hydroxide is anionic with a charge of negative one. So when I simplify, I get that X subtracted by six is equal to negative three. And this means that the oxidation state of ruthenium or X is equal to positive three. So after the name resonate should be a Roman numeral three to describe the charge of ruthenia. So add it on to the name of the metal are the names of the ligands themselves. So here in terms of Liggins, recall that we only have just one which is hydroxide. Now recall that prefixes are added to indicate the quantity of each ligand. So because we have six of them, right, our prefix is going to be hex and here we have hydroxide Liggins. Now, the procedure for naming a ligand depends on the charge of the ligand itself. We can have either anionic ligands which have a negative charge or neutral lids. Now recall that neutral legans carry their normal name with a few exceptions. But in this case, we have anionic ligands because we only have hydroxide that has a negative charge. So therefore, for the anionic ligand hydroxide, the suffix ID gets dropped and replaced with O after the root name. So instead of saying hex hydroxide, the name becomes hex hydroxy. So now I can combine everything together, right? The names of your ligands goes before the name of the metal itself. So when I piece it all together, the name of this complex ion becomes hex hydroxy, resonate three and that settles the first part or the first complex is. So now we can proceed with the next one which happens to be cubr negative or excuse me, br four negative. So here we're going to start off with our central metal ion first. So here, right, our central metal happens to be copper based on the symbol here. See you now recall that the naming for copper is a little bit different because the naming of copper is based on the Latin name which is cuprum. So because copper is part of an anionic complex, given that the complex ion does have a negative overall charge, I'm going to drop the suffix of cuprum and replace that with a T resulting in crate as the name itself. So once again, right, copper or coup rate is a transition metal or cuprum, excuse me, but it is a transition metal, right? So the first step for the next one is to find the oxidation state of copper. So the oxidation state of copper is going to be my ex. And so when I add this to the oxidation state of all ligands, I should get the total charge of my complex which is equal to negative one. Now, in this case, it just so happens that we have four bromide lids and each one has a charge of negative one. So for the oxidation state of bromide, I'm going to replace that with negative one. And so my equation simplifies to X subtracted by four equals negative one. And so the oxidation state of copper in this complex ion also happens to be positive three, which means that after the word crate goes a Roman numeral three. So now let's talk Liggins here. Our only ligand happens to be bromide or BR negative and it just so happens that we have four of them, right? So before the name itself, the corresponding prefix Tetra should be placed in front of it to denote right, the number of bromide legs. So like I said previously, right, the name of this anionic ligand is bromide. However, because this is an anionic ligand, I'm going to drop the suffix ID E and I'm going to replace that with an O which means that the name is Tetra bromo. And so when I combine it all together, the final name becomes Tetra bromo who three? And there you have it. And so our final answer for ion one is hex hydro renate three and for ion two, it is tetra bromo crate three. So if I scroll up here, our final answer is going to be option D in the multiple choice. So with that being said, if you stuck around to the end of this video, I thank you so very much for watching and I hope you found this helpful.