Ether at room temperature is placed in a flask connected by a rubber tube to a vacuum pump. The pump is turned on, and the ether begins boiling. Explain why this occurs.

Verified step by step guidance

Step 1: Understand that boiling occurs when the vapor pressure of a liquid equals the external pressure acting on it.

Step 2: Recognize that at room temperature, the vapor pressure of ether is lower than atmospheric pressure, so it does not boil under normal conditions.

Step 3: Note that when the vacuum pump is turned on, it reduces the external pressure inside the flask.

Step 4: Realize that as the external pressure decreases, it eventually becomes equal to the vapor pressure of ether at room temperature.

Step 5: Conclude that when the vapor pressure equals the reduced external pressure, the ether begins to boil.

Previous problem

Next problem

Related Practice

Textbook Question

How much energy in kilojoules is released when 25.0 g of ethanol vapor at 93.0 °C is cooled to -11.0 °C? Ethanol has mp = -114.1 °C, bp = 78.3 °C, ΔHvap = 38.56 kJ>mol, and ΔHfusio#n = 4.93 kJ>mol. The molar heat#capacity is 112.3 J>1K mol2 for the liquid and 65.6 J>1K vapor.

When ethyl alcohol, CH3CH2OH, dissolves in water, how many hydrogen bonds are formed between one ethyl alcohol molecule and surrounding water molecules? Sketch the hydro- gen bonding interactions. (Hint: Add lone pairs of electrons to the structure before drawing hydrogen bonds.)

1148

views

Textbook Question

Water at room temperature is placed in a flask connected by rubber tubing to a vacuum pump, and the pump is turned on. After several minutes, the volume of the water has decreased, and what remains has turned to ice. Explain

366

views

Textbook Question

Benzene has a melting point of 5.53 °C and a boiling point of 80.09 °C at atmospheric pressure. Its density is0.8787 g>cm3 when liquid and 0.899 g>cm3 when solid; it has Tc = 289.01 °C, Pc = 48.34 atm, Tt = 5.52 °C, and Pt = 0.0473 atm. Starting from a point at 200 K and 66.5 atm, trace the following path on a phase diagram. (1) First, increase T to 585 K while keeping P constant. (2) Next, decrease P to 38.5 atm while keeping T constant. (3) Then, decrease T to 278.66 K while keeping P constant. (4) Finally, decrease P to 0.0025 atm while keeping T constant. What is your starting phase, and what is your final phase?

2486

views

Open Question

How many phase transitions did you pass through in Problem 11.62, and what are they?

Textbook Question

Intermolecular forces are important in creating ordered arrangements in liquid crystals. What types of intermolecu- lar forces exist in a sample of the following compound?

410

views