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Ch.15 - Chemical Equilibrium
Chapter 15, Problem 28

Consider the equilibrium N2(𝑔) + O2(𝑔) + Br2(𝑔) β‡Œ 2 NOBr(𝑔) Calculate the equilibrium constant 𝐾𝑝 for this reaction, given the following information at 298 K:
2 NO(𝑔) + Br2(𝑔) β‡Œ 2 NOBr(𝑔) 𝐾𝑐 = 2.02
NO(𝑔) β‡Œ N2(𝑔) + O2(𝑔) 𝐾𝑐 = 2.1Γ—1030

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Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

Equilibrium Constant (K)

The equilibrium constant (K) is a numerical value that expresses the ratio of the concentrations of products to reactants at equilibrium for a given chemical reaction. It is specific to a particular reaction at a certain temperature. For reactions involving gases, the equilibrium constant can be expressed in terms of partial pressures (Kp) or concentrations (Kc), depending on the state of the reactants and products.
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Relationship Between Kp and Kc

The relationship between Kp and Kc is defined by the equation Kp = Kc(RT)^(Ξ”n), where R is the ideal gas constant, T is the temperature in Kelvin, and Ξ”n is the change in the number of moles of gas between products and reactants. This relationship allows for the conversion of equilibrium constants from concentration-based to pressure-based values, which is essential when dealing with gaseous reactions.
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Le Chatelier's Principle

Le Chatelier's Principle states that if a dynamic equilibrium is disturbed by changing the conditions, the system will adjust itself to counteract the change and restore a new equilibrium. This principle is crucial for understanding how changes in concentration, pressure, or temperature affect the position of equilibrium and the values of Kp and Kc in a chemical reaction.
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Related Practice
Textbook Question

At 1000 K, 𝐾𝑝 = 1.85 for the reaction SO2(𝑔) + 12 O2(𝑔) β‡Œ SO3(𝑔) (c) What is the value of 𝐾𝑐 for the reaction in part (b)?

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Textbook Question

Consider the following equilibrium, for which 𝐾𝑝 = 0.0752 at 480Β°C: 2 Cl2(𝑔) + 2 H2O(𝑔) β‡Œ 4 HCl(𝑔) + O2(𝑔) (a) What is the value of 𝐾𝑝 for the reaction 4 HCl(𝑔) + O2(𝑔) β‡Œ 2 Cl2(𝑔) + 2 H2O(𝑔)?

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Textbook Question

The following equilibria were attained at 823 K:

CoO(s) + H2(g) β†’ Co(s) + H2O(g) Kc = 67

CoO(s) + CO(g) β†’ Co(s) + CO2(g) Kc = 490

Based on these equilibria, calculate the equilibrium constant for H2(g) + CO2(g) β†’ CO(g) + H2O(g) at 823 K.

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Textbook Question

The equilibrium 2 NO(𝑔) + Cl2(𝑔) β‡Œ 2 NOCl(𝑔) is established at 500.0 K. An equilibrium mixture of the three gases has partial pressures of 0.095 atm, 0.171 atm, and 0.28 atm for NO, Cl2, and NOCl, respectively. (a) Calculate 𝐾𝑝 for this reaction at 500.0 K.

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Textbook Question

The equilibrium 2 NO(𝑔) + Cl2(𝑔) β‡Œ 2 NOCl(𝑔) is established at 500.0 K. An equilibrium mixture of the three gases has partial pressures of 0.095 atm, 0.171 atm, and 0.28 atm for NO, Cl2, and NOCl, respectively. (b) If the vessel has a volume of 5.00 L, calculate Kc at this temperature.

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Textbook Question

Phosphorus trichloride gas and chlorine gas react to form phosphorus pentachloride gas: PCl3(𝑔) + Cl2(𝑔) β‡Œ PCl5(𝑔). A 7.5-L gas vessel is charged with a mixture of PCl3(𝑔) and Cl2(𝑔), which is allowed to equilibrate at 450 K. At equilibrium the partial pressures of the three gases are 𝑃PCl3 = 0.124 atm, 𝑃Cl2 = 0.157 atm, and 𝑃PCl5 = 1.30 atm. (a) What is the value of 𝐾𝑝 at this temperature?

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