Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.
Equilibrium Constant (Kp)
The equilibrium constant (Kp) is a numerical value that expresses the ratio of the partial pressures of products to the partial pressures of reactants at equilibrium for a given reaction at a specific temperature. For the reaction PCl3(g) + Cl2(g) β PCl5(g), Kp is calculated using the formula Kp = (P_PCl5) / (P_PCl3 * P_Cl2), where P represents the partial pressures of the gases involved.
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Partial Pressure
Partial pressure is the pressure exerted by a single component of a gas mixture. According to Dalton's Law of Partial Pressures, the total pressure of a gas mixture is the sum of the partial pressures of each individual gas. In this question, the partial pressures of PCl3, Cl2, and PCl5 are given, which are essential for calculating the equilibrium constant Kp.
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Le Chatelier's Principle
Le Chatelier's Principle states that if a dynamic equilibrium is disturbed by changing the conditions, the system will adjust itself to counteract the change and restore a new equilibrium. This principle helps in understanding how changes in concentration, pressure, or temperature can affect the position of equilibrium in reactions like the one involving PCl3, Cl2, and PCl5.
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