Give all six trigonometric function values for each angle θ. Rationalize denominators when applicable. See Examples 5–7. csc θ = ―3 , and cos θ > 0
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insert step 1: Start by understanding the given information. We know that \( \csc \theta = -3 \) and \( \cos \theta > 0 \). The cosecant function is the reciprocal of the sine function, so \( \sin \theta = -\frac{1}{3} \).
insert step 2: Use the Pythagorean identity \( \sin^2 \theta + \cos^2 \theta = 1 \) to find \( \cos \theta \). Substitute \( \sin \theta = -\frac{1}{3} \) into the identity: \( \left(-\frac{1}{3}\right)^2 + \cos^2 \theta = 1 \).
insert step 3: Solve for \( \cos^2 \theta \) by simplifying the equation: \( \frac{1}{9} + \cos^2 \theta = 1 \). Subtract \( \frac{1}{9} \) from both sides to find \( \cos^2 \theta = \frac{8}{9} \).
insert step 4: Since \( \cos \theta > 0 \), take the positive square root of \( \cos^2 \theta \) to find \( \cos \theta = \frac{\sqrt{8}}{3} = \frac{2\sqrt{2}}{3} \).
insert step 5: Now, find the remaining trigonometric functions: \( \tan \theta = \frac{\sin \theta}{\cos \theta} \), \( \sec \theta = \frac{1}{\cos \theta} \), and \( \cot \theta = \frac{1}{\tan \theta} \). Use the values of \( \sin \theta \) and \( \cos \theta \) to calculate these functions.
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Key Concepts
Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.
Trigonometric Functions
Trigonometric functions relate the angles of a triangle to the lengths of its sides. The six primary functions are sine (sin), cosine (cos), tangent (tan), cosecant (csc), secant (sec), and cotangent (cot). Each function can be defined using a right triangle or the unit circle, and they are essential for solving problems involving angles and distances.
Reciprocal identities express the relationships between the trigonometric functions. For example, cosecant (csc) is the reciprocal of sine (sin), meaning csc θ = 1/sin θ. Understanding these identities is crucial for finding all six trigonometric function values from a given function, as they allow for the conversion between different functions.
Rationalizing the denominator is a technique used to eliminate any radical expressions from the denominator of a fraction. This is often done by multiplying the numerator and denominator by a suitable value that will simplify the expression. In trigonometry, this is important for presenting function values in a standard form, especially when dealing with square roots in trigonometric calculations.