Ch 20: The Second Law of Thermodynamics
Chapter 20, Problem 20
A certain brand of freezer is advertised to use 730 kW•h of energy per year. (a) Assuming the freezer operates for 5 hours each day, how much power does it require while operating?
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Textbook Question
A diesel engine performs 2200 J of mechanical work and discards 4300 J of heat each cycle. (a) How much heat must be supplied to the engine in each cycle?
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Textbook Question
The coefficient of performance K = H/P is a dimensionless quantity. Its value is independent of the units used for H and P, as long as the same units, such as watts, are used for both quantities. However, it is common practice to express H in Btu/h and P in watts. When these mixed units are used, the ratio H/P is called the energy efficiency ratio (EER). If a room air conditioner has K = 3.0, what is its EER?
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Textbook Question
A refrigerator has a coefficient of performance of 2.25, runs on an input of 135 W of electrical power, and keeps its inside compartment at 5°C. If you put a dozen 1.0-L plastic bottles of water at 31°C into this refrigerator, how long will it take for them to be cooled down to 5°C? (Ignore any heat that leaves the plastic.)
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Textbook Question
A certain brand of freezer is advertised to use 730 kW•h of energy per year. (c) What is the theoretical maximum amount of ice this freezer could make in an hour, starting with water at 20.0°C?
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Textbook Question
A box is separated by a partition into two parts of equal volume. The left side of the box contains 500 molecules of nitrogen gas; the right side contains 100 molecules of oxygen gas. The two gases are at the same temperature. The partition is punctured, and equilibrium is eventually attained. Assume that the volume of the box is large enough for each gas to undergo a free expansion and not change temperature. (a) On average, how many molecules of each type will there be in either half of the box?
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Textbook Question
CALC A lonely party balloon with a volume of 2.40 L and containing 0.100 mol of air is left behind to drift in the temporarily uninhabited and depressurized International Space Station. Sunlight coming through a porthole heats and explodes the balloon, causing the air in it to undergo a free expansion into the empty station, whose total volume is 425 m^3. Calculate the entropy change of the air during the expansion.
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