This microbe is acquired by humans as infants and is essential for good health. Acquiring a closely related strain causes severe stomach cramps, bloody diarrhea, and vomiting. What is the microbe?

Verified step by step guidance

1. Identify the microbe that is commonly acquired by humans as infants and is beneficial for health.
2. Consider the role of gut microbiota in human health, focusing on beneficial bacteria.
3. Recognize that Escherichia coli (E. coli) is a common gut bacterium acquired early in life.
4. Differentiate between the beneficial strains of E. coli and pathogenic strains that cause gastrointestinal issues.
5. Conclude that the microbe in question is likely a strain of E. coli, with pathogenic strains causing severe symptoms.

Key Concepts

Microbiota and Human Health

The human microbiota consists of trillions of microorganisms, including bacteria, that inhabit various parts of the body. These microbes play a crucial role in digestion, immune function, and overall health. A balanced microbiota is essential for preventing diseases and maintaining homeostasis, particularly in infants who acquire beneficial strains from their mothers.

Pathogenic vs. Non-Pathogenic Strains

Microbes can be classified as pathogenic or non-pathogenic based on their effects on the host. Non-pathogenic strains contribute positively to health, while pathogenic strains can cause illness. Understanding the differences between these strains is vital, as acquiring a pathogenic strain of a closely related microbe can lead to severe gastrointestinal symptoms, such as cramps and diarrhea.

Transmission of Microbes

Microbes are transmitted through various routes, including direct contact, ingestion, and environmental exposure. In infants, the initial acquisition of beneficial microbes often occurs during birth and breastfeeding. This early exposure is critical for establishing a healthy microbiome, which can be disrupted by the introduction of harmful strains, leading to adverse health effects.