Persistent viral infections such as (a) ________ might be caused by (b) ________ that are (c) ________.

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Hello, everyone. And welcome back. Our next question says, what is the typical pattern of von build up in persistent viral infections? A sudden increase followed by rapid decline. B constant level throughout the infection. See gradual build up over a long period or d no detectable marions present. So in trying to recall what kind of pattern there is in persistent viral infections, we need to keep that straight from a latent or dormant infection. So persistent, sometimes known as chronic viral infections are ones where we have this very low level at first and it grows very, very slowly. So a typical viral infection, you would have you get infected and then boom, the virus is replicating multiplying spreading around the body and then you get sick. Your immune system fights back drop in virus level. So choice, a sudden increase followed by rapid decline would be a typical viral infection. Uh It's not typical as any sort of technical term, but sort of your average maybe viral infection. So that's not our answer. But in this, you have this low level, no rapid increase, but you just have this gradual build up over time as the pattern there. So that would be choice c as our answer. Uh Interestingly, these persistent viral infections are typically fatal. Two examples would include HIV and certain types of viral cancers such as uh liver cancer or cervical cancer. This has to be kept straight from latent, I'll say, versus latent or dormant infections where you have an initial infection with the virus and then that virus drops to undetectable levels, but it's still present in the body. And then it just sort of lies there, dormant, lurking inside the system until there's some sort of activation. And then you see this sudden uh resurgence of symptoms and uh something like that as opposed to again, that typical pattern of infection boom, increase multiplication and then the virus is eliminated. In this case. In this case, you have the initial infection and rather than being eliminated, the virus just sort of goes along under the radar for a long time until reactivated. So an example, there would be um shingles where you have a chickenpox infection, then the virus goes dormant, it's undetectable, but it's still there. And then at some point, it reactivates and infects a nerve as shingles. So that would be the example in d no detectable variants present, but still you have an infection that's still there. The virus is there dormant in the body and then finally choice b constant level throughout the infection. Well, this just is not the case since you have in the persistent viral infections, that level of virus is going to creep upward over time. It will be gradual but it's always increasing. So again, the typical pattern of von build up and persistent viral infections is choice c gradual build up over a long period. See you in the next video.

Persistent viral infections such as (a) might be caused by (b) that are (c) .

Verified Solution

Key Concepts

Persistent Viral Infections

Viral Pathogenesis

Immune Evasion Mechanisms