T helper cells activate B cells to become ________________, which make ________________.

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand the role of T helper cells in the immune response: T helper cells assist other immune cells by releasing cytokines that activate B cells.
2. Recall that when B cells are activated by T helper cells, they differentiate into plasma cells.
3. Recognize that plasma cells are specialized cells that produce antibodies.
4. Therefore, fill in the blanks by identifying that T helper cells activate B cells to become plasma cells, which make antibodies.
5. Summarize the process: T helper cells → activate B cells → B cells become plasma cells → plasma cells produce antibodies.

Key Concepts

T Helper Cells

T helper cells are a type of white blood cell that play a crucial role in the immune response by activating other immune cells, including B cells. They recognize antigens presented by antigen-presenting cells and release cytokines that stimulate B cell activation and differentiation.

B Cell Activation

B cell activation occurs when B cells encounter their specific antigen and receive signals from T helper cells. This activation triggers B cells to proliferate and differentiate into plasma cells or memory B cells, enabling an effective adaptive immune response.

Plasma Cells and Antibody Production

Activated B cells differentiate into plasma cells, which are specialized for producing and secreting large amounts of antibodies. These antibodies bind to specific antigens, neutralizing pathogens or marking them for destruction by other immune cells.