Which of the following does not generate long-term immunological memory? Select all that apply. (NCLEX/HESI/TEAS)
a. Antivenom
b. Antitoxins
c. Vaccinations
d. Breast-feeding
e. Antigens

Question

Which of the following does not generate long-term immunological memory? Select all that apply. (NCLEX/HESI/TEAS)

a. Antivenom

b. Antitoxins

c. Vaccinations

d. Breast-feeding

e. Antigens

Accepted Answer

Hi, everybody. Let's take a look at our next question. Immunological memory is involved in all of the following except a herd immunity. B maternal antibodies, C COVID-19, vaccination or D secondary immune response. So pretty simple to remember given the name immunological memory. But this of course refers to the fact that you have this capability of once being exposed to a pathogen, either through contracting the disease or being vaccinated. Your body forms these memory B and T cells that if the pathogens encountered again, you mount this very rapid, very effective immune response. So the immune system essentially has this memory of a particular pathogen and it doesn't have to wait and go through this whole process of raising a specific immune response. The ability to do so is already there. It's kind of primed to deal with that pathogen. So we want to look at the answer choice that doesn't have to do with immunological memory. And the answer here is going to be choice b maternal antibodies. And this is because this is a form of passive immunity. So this is when maternal antibodies cross the placenta or are in breast milk. So the fetus or the infant gets these antibodies already premade from the mother. So the antibodies haven't been made within the baby's own body, they come from without. And this provides temporary protection. So it's a very important protection because those first few months of life are such a vulnerable time as the baby's own immune system gets to be fully functioning. And so this is a very valuable source of temporary protection during that time, but it's not long term. So there is no immunological memory there in that, it's not the baby's own system that has been making these antibodies, they come from outside. So maternal antibodies are not involved with immunological memory. Let's just look briefly at our other answer choices to understand why they're not correct a herd immunity. This depends on immunological memory because this occurs when a large enough portion of the population is immune to a disease. And note that this immunity can be either through contracting the disease and then having the immunological memory as a result of that or through vaccination. And when a large enough proportion of the population is immune, it can no longer spread easily. So if one person contracts it, um the pool of people around them is limited that it could spread to because so many of those people are immune to the disease. And note that because it can't spread easily through the population, this herd immunity provides protection to both those who are immune and those who are not. Because if it's not spreading to the population, people who aren't immune won't encounter the pathogen in the first place. So this is why herd immunity is such an important goal of a vaccination campaign because people who can't receive a vaccine. So uh young Children, too young to be vaccinated. Uh people with medical conditions that do not allow them to be vaccinated or older people who might not develop a robust immunity as a result of vaccine get protected by herd immunity. And of course, it's immunological memory that allows people to remain immune after having been exposed to disease or being vaccinated. Soho say not correct. Since immunological memory is the foundation of herd immunity. Try C COVID-19 vaccination. Well, just like any vaccine, this depends on immunological memory. Uh exposure to the in the form of a modified uh one of the coat proteins. You heard a lot about the spike protein in the development of the COVID vaccines causes the body to make antibodies that are capable of binding to the SARS CO V two virus. And then these antibodies are maintained long term as memory B and T cells. If the person then encounters the SARS CO V two virus, um they can very quickly mount this effective rapid secondary immune response and won't suffer the severe symptoms of the disease. It will also prevent them from spreading the disease to other people in the population. So choice C just like any vaccine. This depends on immunological memory and then finally choice d secondary immune response. This is the result of immunological memory, the maintenance of those memory or creation and maintenance of those memory B and T cells means that when a pathogen is encountered, um a second or subsequent time, the secondary immune response is very rapid and very effective to the point that you don't often even suffer any symptoms at all of the disease. Or if you have symptoms, they will be very mild compared to a primary infection. This is as compared to a primary immune response which often takes several days before all of those defenses in the immune system are at full power. But the secondary immune response as a result of immunological memory is extremely rapid, very effective. So try to not our answer since again, immunological memory key to this. So the one answer choice here that has no involvement with immunological memory is choice. B maternal antibodies. See you in the next video.

Which of the following does not generate long-term immunological memory? Select all that apply. (NCLEX/HESI/TEAS)
a. Antivenom
b. Antitoxins
c. Vaccinations
d. Breast-feeding
e. Antigens

Verified Solution

Key Concepts

Immunological Memory

Passive Immunity

Active Immunity

Which of the following does not generate long-term immunological memory? Select all that apply. (NCLEX/HESI/TEAS)a. Antivenomb. Antitoxinsc. Vaccinationsd. Breast-feedinge. Antigens

Verified Solution

Key Concepts

Immunological Memory

Passive Immunity

Active Immunity

Which of the following does not generate long-term immunological memory? Select all that apply. (NCLEX/HESI/TEAS)
a. Antivenom
b. Antitoxins
c. Vaccinations
d. Breast-feeding
e. Antigens