As you will learn later in the text (Special Topics Chapter 1— CRISPR-Cas and Genome Editing), the CRISPR-Cas system has great potential but also raises many ethical issues about its potential applications because theoretically it can be used to edit any gene in the genome. What do you think are some of the concerns about the use of CRISPR-Cas on humans? Should CRISPR-Cas applications be limited for use on only certain human genes but not others? Explain your answers.

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Hi everyone. Let's look at our next question. It says genome editing methods such as CRISPR CAs utilize blank to create breaks in the genome allowing scientists to remove correct or replace a defective gene. When we think about, what do we use to physically cut D. N. A. At certain points which allows editing of that D. N. A. Removing a defective gene, correcting it or even replacing it with something else. We look at our answer choices here. We have nucleus is ribosomes A. TPS or fats. Well, hopefully this is a pretty straightforward question. Um we get led directly to choice A nucleus is which are enzymes that cleave D. N. A. In various specific places we know that ribosomes, Choice B is not correct ribosomes are that assembly that forms in the translation process translating RNA into protein. Choice C A T. P. S. Are those energy sources of the cell. And then Choice D. Fats. Those categories of molecules used to store energy primarily in the body. So if we wanted to be a little more in depth or a little more specific about nucleus is um in CRISPR specifically that uses CAS proteins, CAS nine being the first one that was ever used. And these CAS proteins cut that D. N. A. At a location specified by a guide RNA sequence. So you can have your little RNA sequence that is complementary to the gene of interest and use that to target the gene that you want to replace or correct. So the CAS nine protein then will splice the D N. A at that location that is guided by the RNA. You would cut it in one location, or you could cut it in two locations by using two different RNA sequences. But again, genome editing methods utilized. Choice A nucleus is to create breaks in the genome, allowing scientists to remove, correct or replace a defective gene. See you in the next video.

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Key Concepts

CRISPR-Cas System

Ethical Considerations in Genetic Editing

Germline vs. Somatic Editing