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Ch.4 - Chemical Quantities & Aqueous Reactions
Chapter 4, Problem 89

A 25.00-mL sample of an unknown HClO4 solution requires titration with 22.62 mL of 0.2000 M NaOH to reach the equivalence point. What is the concentration of the unknown HClO4 solution? The neutralization reaction is HClO4(aq) + NaOH(aq) → H2O(l) + NaClO4(aq)

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Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

Titration

Titration is a quantitative analytical technique used to determine the concentration of a solute in a solution. It involves the gradual addition of a titrant (a solution of known concentration) to a sample until the reaction reaches the equivalence point, where the amount of titrant equals the amount of substance in the sample. In this case, NaOH is the titrant used to determine the concentration of the unknown HClO4 solution.
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Neutralization Reaction

A neutralization reaction occurs when an acid reacts with a base to produce water and a salt. In this scenario, the strong acid HClO4 reacts with the strong base NaOH to form water and NaClO4. Understanding this reaction is crucial for calculating the concentration of the unknown acid, as it allows us to use stoichiometry to relate the volumes and concentrations of the reactants.
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Stoichiometry

Stoichiometry is the calculation of reactants and products in chemical reactions based on the balanced chemical equation. It allows us to determine the relationships between the amounts of substances involved. In this titration problem, stoichiometry is used to relate the volume and molarity of NaOH to the unknown concentration of HClO4, enabling the calculation of the acid's concentration at the equivalence point.
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