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Ch.2 - Atoms & Elements
Chapter 2, Problem 33

The mass ratio of sodium to fluorine in sodium fluoride is 1.21:1. A sample of sodium fluoride produces 28.8 g of sodium upon decomposition. How much fluorine (in grams) forms?

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Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

Stoichiometry

Stoichiometry is the branch of chemistry that deals with the quantitative relationships between the reactants and products in a chemical reaction. It allows us to calculate the amounts of substances involved based on their molar ratios derived from balanced chemical equations. In this question, stoichiometry is essential for determining how much fluorine is produced from the given amount of sodium.
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Molar Mass

Molar mass is the mass of one mole of a substance, typically expressed in grams per mole (g/mol). It is crucial for converting between the mass of a substance and the number of moles, which is necessary for stoichiometric calculations. For sodium fluoride, knowing the molar masses of sodium and fluorine allows us to relate the mass of sodium to the mass of fluorine produced.
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Mass Ratio

The mass ratio is a comparison of the mass of one substance to the mass of another in a compound. In sodium fluoride, the mass ratio of sodium to fluorine is given as 1.21:1, indicating that for every 1.21 grams of sodium, there is 1 gram of fluorine. This ratio is vital for determining the amount of fluorine produced when a specific mass of sodium is decomposed.
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Related Practice
Textbook Question

An automobile gasoline tank holds 21 kg of gasoline. When the gasoline burns, 84 kg of oxygen is consumed, and carbon dioxide and water are produced. What is the total combined mass of carbon dioxide and water that is produced?

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Textbook Question

Two samples of carbon tetrachloride are decomposed into their constituent elements. One sample produces 38.9 g of carbon and 448 g of chlorine, and the other sample produces 14.8 g of carbon and 134 g of chlorine. Are these results consistent with the law of definite proportions? Explain your answer.

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Open Question
Two samples of sodium chloride are decomposed into their constituent elements. One sample produces 6.98 g of sodium and 10.7 g of chlorine, and the other sample produces 11.2 g of sodium and 17.3 g of chlorine. Are these results consistent with the law of definite proportions? Explain your answer.
Textbook Question

Upon decomposition, one sample of magnesium fluoride produces 1.65 kg of magnesium and 2.57 kg of fluorine. A second sample produces 1.32 kg of magnesium. How much fluorine (in grams) does the second sample produce?

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Textbook Question

Two different compounds containing osmium and oxygen have the following masses of oxygen per gram of osmium: 0.168 and 0.3369 g. Show that these amounts are consistent with the law of multiple proportions.

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Textbook Question

Palladium forms three different compounds with sulfur. The mass of sulfur per gram of palladium in each compound is listed here. Show that these masses are consistent with the law of multiple proportions. Compound Grams S per Gram Pd A 0.603 B 0.301 C 0.151

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